瑜伽師地論略纂 5.101

5.101

釋定難文有二：初標、次釋。釋文有三：初問答詰難；次「此中最初」下，別釋十一難相；後「如是諸難」下，結成障相。「因緣」者，定所依因，定所依緣，即修定方便等。　十一難者：一、疑生顛倒難，於光明相不善知故，便覺有疑是也。初見光明，不善知故。此是何光？從何所生故？疑倒故。　二、「方便緩故，有不作意」下，是不欲作意難，不欲作意觀前定境光明相故，亦名無念定相難。　三、「由不善守根門等故」者下，麁重睡眠難，亦名貪等煩惱難。不守根門故縱馳散，身起麁重，多習睡眠；或由不守根門，生貪等惑。　四、「惑多覺悟，便增睡眠」等者下，多生思覺難，亦名不定難。由多思覺，增行惛睡，不見定境眾色光明，數睡長養，見眾色故。

The text explaining the obstacles to concentration has two sections: first, listing; next, explaining. The explanatory text has three parts: first, interrogating by question and answer; next, from “herein, the first” onward, separately explaining the characteristics of the eleven obstacles; finally, from “such obstacles” onward, concluding with the characteristics of the hindrances. “Causes and conditions” means the causes upon which concentration relies and the conditions upon which concentration relies, namely the expedients for cultivating concentration and so forth. As for the eleven obstacles: 1. The obstacle of error born of doubt, which is feeling doubt because of not thoroughly understanding the appearance of light. Because one does not thoroughly understand light upon first seeing it: What light is this? From where does it arise? Hence, there is erroneous doubt. 2. From “due to laxity of expedients, there is non-attention” onward, this is the obstacle of not wishing to pay attention, because one does not wish to pay attention to observe the preceding concentrated object, the appearance of light; it is also called the obstacle of lacking mindfulness of the characteristics of concentration. 3. From “due to not properly guarding the sense-doors and so forth” onward, this is the obstacle of dauṣṭhulya and sleepiness, also called the obstacle of afflictions such as greed. Because one does not guard the sense-doors, one lets them run wild and scatter, dauṣṭhulya arises in the body, and one excessively indulges in sleepiness; or, due to not guarding the sense-doors, afflictions such as greed arise. 4. From “if the mind has much discursive thought, it then increases sleepiness” and so forth onward, this is the obstacle of excessively generating discursive thoughts, also called the obstacle of non-concentration. Because of excessive discursive thought, torpor and sleep increase in practice, and one does not see the light of various forms that is the object of concentration, for repeated sleep nourishes seeing various forms.