瑜伽師地論略纂 10.37

10.37

The treatise says: "Benefiting oneself and others through varieties of benefit." This means practicing one dharma oneself and causing others to practice it; oneself and others are of one kind, practicing one dharma; hence it is called "varieties." "Four experiences of dharma (dharma-samādāna)" refers to happiness and suffering in this life and the next life; together they make four alternatives, called the four experiences of dharma. The treatise then combines the third and fourth dharmas to explain them together. Question: Here, when explaining varieties of benefiting oneself and others, why are the first and fourth experiences of dharma—which are not benefits in both this life and the next, but are all painful experiences—explained here? The meaning is: the bodhisattva does not take the fourth experience of dharma as benefiting oneself and others; if this practice does not benefit oneself and others, the bodhisattva has no intention to do it. Among the fifth variety, there are nirvāṇa, the dharmas of nirvāṇa, etc., because attaining nirvāṇa is worldly and supramundane self-benefit. Conjoining other people is this fifth [variety]; by raising the preceding second and third matters, it only generally mentions the first, and the fourth is not accepted by intention. Furthermore, because through the four experiences of dharma one benefits oneself by knowing what is practicable and impracticable, and also conjoins with others so that they too know what is practicable and impracticable, both self and others know that what is practicable should be practiced and what is impracticable should not be practiced; hence both constitute benefit.