成唯識論述記 2.460

2.460

述曰：外人問言：若名等即聲，法、辭二無礙解境有何別？答曰：即此緣故，二境有異，法無礙解緣假名等，辭無礙解緣實聲等，故說境差別，非二俱緣實，雖二自性，互不相離，法對所詮故但取名；辭多對機故但說聲，耳聞聲已，意了義故，以所對不同，說二有異，非體有異也。又此二境及名等三與聲別者，蘊、處、界攝亦有異故，色蘊、行蘊，聲處、法處，聲界、法界，如其次第攝聲、名等。問曰：聲上屈曲假，即言不相應。色上屈曲假，應非色處攝。答：聲上有教名等不相應；色上無教故是色處攝。問曰：聲上屈曲即以為教；色上屈曲應亦為教。

The Commentary states: The opponent asks: If names and so forth are identical with sound, what difference is there between the objects of the two unobstructed understandings of dharma and speech (dharma-pratisaṃvid and nirukti-pratisaṃvid)? The answer states: For this very reason, the two objects have a difference: the unobstructed understanding of dharma takes conventional names and so forth as its object, while the unobstructed understanding of speech takes real sound and so forth as its object. Therefore their objects are described as distinct; it is not that both take the real as their object. Although the two intrinsic natures are not mutually separated, dharma takes only names because it is oriented toward what is expressed, whereas speech speaks only of sound because it is mostly oriented toward the addressee: after the ear hears the sound, the mind understands the meaning. Because what they are oriented toward differs, the two are said to be different, not that their substantial entities are different. Furthermore, as for why these two objects and the three including names are distinguished from sound, their subsumption under aggregates, bases, and elements also differs: the form aggregate and the saṃskāra aggregate, the sound base and the dharma base, the sound element and the dharma element respectively subsume sound versus names and so forth. Question: The modulations upon sound are conventional and are therefore called non-associated; the modulations upon form are conventional and should therefore not be subsumed under the form base! Answer: Upon sound there is teaching (śāsana), so names and so forth are non-associated; upon form there is no teaching, so it is subsumed under the form base. Question: If the modulations upon sound are taken to be teaching, then the modulations upon form should also be teaching!