成唯識論述記 7.741

7.741

述曰：「體」謂體性；「位」謂五位。體性居位，故名體位。「根本位」者，五十七云：「幾不繫？答：後三、九少分」。「三」者，即三無漏根也，不取前位故，見道中如《對法》第九，有十六心，此除末後心。問：何故見道通十六心，此根唯在十五心時？見道據見觀諦行故，即十六心皆是，此根有所未知而當知根，唯前十五心，以第十六無所未知可當知，故此中類忍皆緣前心，其第十五心已緣前心遍成訖，第十六心汎觀類忍，不同小乘證無為故，唯取十五心為此根也。問：此相見道在真見道後，真見道中已有無間及解脫道，解脫道中已得初果，何故相見至十五心猶此根攝，豈預流果亦此根耶？答：此不然。其預流果至相見道第十六心，見相諦圓方始建立，非真解脫可名初果，故十五心猶此根攝，而非初果得有初根，義唯菩薩從真見後亦不出觀即入相見，至第二心猶此根攝，至第三心相、見既圓，方極見滿，乃非此根，第二根攝。

The Commentary states: 'Entity' refers to the essential nature; 'stage' refers to the five stages. The essential nature resides in a stage, hence it is called 'entity-stage'. Regarding the 'fundamental stage', Fascicle 57 says: 'How many are unattached? Answer: The last three and a small portion of the nine.' 'The three' refers to the three anāsrava faculties; not taking the preceding stages, in the path of seeing, as in Fascicle 9 of the Abhidharmasamuccaya, there are sixteen mental states, here excluding the very last mind. Question: Why does the path of seeing encompass sixteen minds, while this faculty is only present during the fifteen minds? The path of seeing is based on the practice of observing the truths through vision, so all sixteen minds belong to it; this faculty is the faculty of having what is not yet known and should be known, which applies only to the first fifteen minds, because at the sixteenth mind there is nothing not yet known that should be known. Thus, here the subsequent patiences all take the preceding mind as an object; the fifteenth mind has already taken the preceding mind as an object and completed it, whereas the sixteenth mind is a general observation of subsequent patience, unlike the Hīnayāna realization of the unconditioned; hence only the fifteen minds are taken as this faculty. Question: This path of seeing by signs comes after the true path of seeing; in the true path of seeing there are already the unhindered path and the path of liberation, and within the path of liberation the first fruit has already been attained. Why is it that up to the fifteenth mind of the path of seeing by signs, it is still subsumed by this faculty? Could the fruit of the stream-enterer also belong to this faculty? Answer: This is not so. The fruit of the stream-enterer is established only at the sixteenth mind of the path of seeing by signs, when the vision and signs of the truths are perfected; it is not that true liberation can be called the first fruit. Therefore, the fifteen minds are still subsumed by this faculty, and it is not that the first fruit has the initial faculty. In meaning, only the bodhisattva, after the true path of seeing, enters the path of seeing by signs without emerging from contemplation; up to the second mind it is still subsumed by this faculty, and when reaching the third mind, signs and vision are fully rounded, so seeing reaches its utmost fulfillment; then it is no longer this faculty, but is subsumed under the second faculty.