成唯識論述記 8.542

8.542

述曰：自下十五、四諦門，此十二支皆苦諦攝，以是有漏取蘊性故，逼迫性故，皆果法故。其十二中五亦集諦，招感名集，非為因義。行、有是業，癡、愛、取三，煩惱性故，非滅、道者，非無漏故。薩婆多師，苦、集體是一，因果故說二。今大乘不然，苦諦寬，集諦狹，諸集皆苦，非苦皆集。問：苦諦是果，果義有漏，皆苦；集諦是因，因義有漏，皆集？答：不然！有漏無非苦，苦逼迫義，有漏皆苦諦，有異熟故，方名集，集是有報義，非有漏法皆名集，如〈決擇〉第五十五卷說：問：道諦非有漏，支非道諦攝，加行、資糧道諦攝，有支亦應道諦收？答：順道名為道，二道道諦攝，順生死法名緣起，道諦非緣起，二道剋性亦非道諦，今約剋性論故，支非道諦，二道有漏故。又，二道位有漏二道是緣起支，非道諦攝，無漏二道種，是道諦攝，非緣起支，各據一義亦不相違。《大論》第十五、十六云：二支是苦諦，現為苦，生、老死五支是苦諦，當為苦，識乃至受，集諦謂所餘，與此文同。

The Commentary states: Below is the fifteenth section, on the four truths. These twelve links are all subsumed under the truth of suffering, because they are of the nature of the sāsrava aggregates of grasping, because they are oppressive, and because they are all resultant phenomena. Among the twelve, five are also the truth of origination. Gathering and inducing is called 'origination'; it does not mean just any cause. Volitional formations and existence are karma; ignorance, craving, and grasping are of the nature of affliction. They are not [the truths of] cessation or the path, because they are not anāsrava. For the Sarvāstivādin masters, the substance of suffering and origination is one, and two are spoken of on account of cause and effect. Now in the Mahāyāna it is not so: the truth of suffering is broad, while the truth of origination is narrow; all origination is suffering, but not all suffering is origination. Question: The truth of suffering is fruit, and by the meaning of fruit, all sāsrava is suffering; the truth of origination is cause, and by the meaning of cause, is all sāsrava origination? Answer: It is not so! Nothing sāsrava is not suffering, for suffering means oppression; all that is sāsrava is the truth of suffering. Only when there is maturation is it called origination, for origination means having retribution; not all sāsrava phenomena are called origination. As fascicle 55 of the 'Viniścaya' says: Question: The truth of the path is not sāsrava, so the links are not subsumed under the truth of the path; [if] the stages of application and equipment are subsumed under the truth of the path, should the links of existence also be included in the truth of the path? Answer: What accords with the path is called 'path'; the two paths are subsumed under the truth of the path. Phenomena that accord with saṃsāra are called dependent origination; the truth of the path is not dependent origination. Strictly speaking, the two paths are also not the truth of the path; speaking strictly now, the links are not the truth of the path because the two paths are sāsrava. Furthermore, in the stage of the two paths, the sāsrava two paths are links of dependent origination and are not subsumed under the truth of the path; the seeds of the anāsrava two paths are subsumed under the truth of the path and are not links of dependent origination. Each relies on one meaning, so there is no contradiction. Fascicles 15 and 16 of the Great Treatise say: Two links are the truth of suffering, present suffering: birth, and aging and death; five links are the truth of suffering, future suffering: consciousness through sensation; origination truth refers to the remainder. This agrees with the present text.