成唯識論演祕 2.773

2.773

問：假依類、實，外意何耶？答彼云：假者依似、共立，類有似、共；如言人類，由人相似方得類名。人業大同名為共法，由類有此似及共法故假依類。又實句火內外皆有，人身內火似身外火。設與外火同有猛赤，亦有似、共故假依實，即人身中有斯類、實，故依類、實說人似火。又依宗計，凡諸假說皆依類、實二句所攝，非唯假火。

Question: What is the opponent's intention in holding that designation is based on category and substance? Answer: They say that a designation is established on the basis of resemblance and commonality, and categories have resemblance and commonality. For instance, when one speaks of the "human category," it is because humans resemble one another that they obtain the name "category"; that human actions are largely identical is called a "common dharma." Because a category has this resemblance and common dharma, designation is based on category. Furthermore, fire as a substance-category exists both internally and externally; the fire within a human body resembles the fire outside the body. Even if it possesses fierceness and redness in common with external fire, it still has resemblance and commonality, and hence designation is based on substance. Thus, within a human body there are these [categories and substances], and therefore, based on category and substance, it is said that a human resembles fire. Furthermore, according to their school's doctrine, all designated expressions are subsumed under the two categories of category and substance, not only the designated fire.