成唯識論演祕 1.73

1.73

Answer: Because speech is free from faults and words are spoken with truthfulness, causing others to place faith in oneself and recognize one's intentions, one attains as a resultant superknowledge the skillful comprehension of others' minds. When mental karma is clear and pure, extinguishing evil and attending to the good, the result summoned thereby is the attainment of the superknowledge of the destruction of outflows. By means of this, one issues speech to instruct and admonish sentient beings to sever evil and generate good. Cause and effect mutually support each other; hence there is no fault. Furthermore, knowing others' minds does not depend on speech, while instructing and admonishing creatures necessarily relies on words; therefore, the transformations of the three wheels correspond to the three karmas in sequence. It is not that vocal karma's cause must have vocal karma as its result; the same applies to mental karma. Moreover, according to the Xiyu ji, in the Western regions there are nine kinds of reverent etiquette in total: 1. speaking words of condolence; 2. bowing the head to show respect; 3. raising the hands in high salutation; 4. clasping the hands level in greeting; 5. kneeling on one knee; 6. kneeling on both knees; 7. hands and knees placed on the ground; 8. all five wheels bent; 9. throwing the five limbs to the ground. These nine kinds explicitly belong only to the two [physical and vocal] karmas, but in principle they can extend to mental karma.