唯識二十論述記 2.131

2.131

述曰：下正破一。前敘宗中，衛世執一，小乘執多。今此設遮小乘執一，意兼外道，以小乘救有色等故。其頌「一」字，牒外人執；「應無」二字，通下五難。五難者何？若執境一，一、應無次第行義；二、應無俱時至未至；三、應無多有間事；四、應無有間；五、應無難見細物。今合第三多有間事，第四有間為第三句。言「多有間事」，如業道等。西域言「遮」，此翻為及，或翻為等。若作及義，於六釋中，顯相違釋。第三句「及」、第四句「并」，是顯此四難，義各不同。非無次行，即是俱時，至與未至，故置「及」言。若言「等」者，顯非唯爾，更有此餘。今者四義，皆已列名，等不是等，但言「及」、「并」，顯相違釋。

Commentary: Below, the text refutes the singularity [of objects]. In the previous presentation of theses, the Vaiśeṣikas maintained singularity, whereas the Hīnayāna asserted multiplicity. Here, the refutation addresses the Hīnayāna's assertion of singularity, with the intention of also including the non-Buddhists, because the Hīnayāna attempts to defend form and the rest as existing. The word "one" in the verse restates the opponent's assertion; the two words "should not be" apply across all five subsequent refutations below. What are the five refutations? If the object is held to be one: first, there should be no such thing as progressive locomotion; second, there should be no simultaneous reaching and non-reaching; third, there should be no multiple things with intervals; fourth, there should be no intervals; fifth, there should be no difficult-to-see minute things. Now, the third, multiple things with intervals, and the fourth, having intervals, are combined into the third line [of the verse]. As for "multiple things with intervals," this is like the paths of karma and so forth. In the Western regions, the word *ca* is translated here as "and," or as "and so forth." If taken as meaning "and," among the six compound analyses (ṣaṭsamāsāḥ), it indicates a coordinate compound (*dvandva*). The "and" (及) in the third line and the "together with" (并) in the fourth line show that these four refutations are distinct in meaning. Lacking progressive locomotion is not identical to the simultaneous reaching and non-reaching; hence "and" is inserted. If it meant "and so forth," it would show that it is not merely this, but there are others beyond it. Since these four meanings have all been listed by name, "and so forth" is not meant; it merely says "and" and "together with" to indicate a coordinate compound.