因明入正理論疏 3.234

3.234

述曰：此出似能破體。初明妄言闕、後辯正言邪。立者量圓，妄言有缺，因、喻無失，虛語過言，不了彼真，興言自負，由對真立，名似能破。准真能破，思之可悉。

The Commentary states: This presents the essential nature of apparent refutation. First it clarifies false allegations of deficiency, and thereafter it analyses true statements [being wrongly treated as] perverse. When the proponent's inference is complete, falsely alleging that it is deficient, or when the reason and example are without flaw, uttering empty words alleging faults—not understanding the other's truth, one raises words only to defeat oneself. Because it stands in opposition to true proof, it is named apparent refutation. By analogy with true refutation, this can be fully understood upon reflection.