因明入正理論疏 3.72

3.72

問：「何以得知有此四過？」答：「准因可有。喻既助因，因既無已，喻何所助？如因成宗，有法無故，因何所成？故並為過。」

Question: 'How is it known that there are these four fallacies?' Answer: 'They can exist by analogy with the reason. Since the example aids the reason, once the reason is absent, what would the example aid? Just as the reason establishes the thesis, because the subject is absent, what would the reason establish? Therefore, all are fallacious.'