大乘義章 11.17

11.17

次第五門辨明四依所化差別。三乘之人是其所化。聲聞人中，所化有二：一化令入小，除阿羅漢，餘皆化之。彼阿羅漢，得果滿足，不假化故。二化令入大，一切皆化，乃至羅漢，亦憑四依入大乘故。緣覺人中，所化亦二：一化入中乘，除緣覺果，餘皆化之。二化令入大，一切皆化。大乘人中，所化有六，如《涅槃》說：一初發心，在外凡地，最初發意。第二已於熙連河沙佛所發心，聞法初不謗。第三已於一恒河沙佛所發心，聞法愛樂，不謗同前。第四已於二恒河沙佛所發心，聞法受持，餘德如上。第五已於三恒河沙佛所發心，隨所聞法能為他說，餘德如前。第六已於四恒河沙佛所發心，能解深義，十六分中已得一分，餘德如上。六中初一隣入善趣，後五在於善趣位中。四依如是。

Next, the fifth section clarifies the distinctions among those who are converted by the four refuges. Persons of the three vehicles are those whom they convert. Among persons who are śrāvakas, there are two categories of those converted: 1. Converting them so that they enter the Hīnayāna: with the exception of the arhats, they convert all the rest. Those arhats have fulfilled the attainment of the fruit and do not require conversion. 2. Converting them so that they enter the Mahāyāna: they convert all of them, because even arhats rely on the four refuges to enter the Mahāyāna. Among persons who are pratyekabuddhas, there are also two categories of those converted: 1. Converting them to enter the middle vehicle: with the exception of the fruit of the pratyekabuddha, they convert all the rest. 2. Converting them so that they enter the Mahāyāna: they convert all of them. Among persons of the Mahāyāna, there are six categories of those converted, as the Nirvāṇa [Sūtra] states: 1. Those who generate the initial aspiration: they generate the initial aspiration while on the stage of ordinary persons outside [the path]. 2. Those who have already generated the aspiration under Buddhas as numerous as the sands of the Hiraṇyavatī River; upon hearing the Dharma, they do not slander it for the first time. 3. Those who have already generated the aspiration under Buddhas as numerous as the sands of one Gaṅgā River; upon hearing the Dharma, they delight in it and cherish it, with their lack of slander being the same as before. 4. Those who have already generated the aspiration under Buddhas as numerous as the sands of two Gaṅgā Rivers; upon hearing the Dharma, they accept and uphold it, with their other virtues as above. 5. Those who have already generated the aspiration under Buddhas as numerous as the sands of three Gaṅgā Rivers; in accordance with whatever Dharma they hear, they can preach it to others, with their other virtues as before. 6. Those who have already generated the aspiration under Buddhas as numerous as the sands of four Gaṅgā Rivers; they can understand the profound meaning, have already attained one part out of the sixteen parts, with their other virtues as above. Among the six, the first is adjacent to entering the good destinies, and the latter five reside in the stage of the good destinies. Such are the four refuges.