大乘義章 11.37

11.37

四堅之義，如《成實》說。牢固不壞，稱之為堅。堅別不同，一門說四。四名是何？一者說堅、二者定堅、三者見堅、四解脫堅。言說堅者，如論中釋「宣說有為無常苦空涅槃寂滅，此言決定不可破壞，名為說堅。於此正知，名聞慧滿。」言定堅者，如論中釋「因說得定，名為定堅。是定成就，名思慧滿。」言見堅者，論言「依定觀有為法無常苦等，名為見堅。是見成就，名修慧滿。」解脫堅者，如論中釋「三慧得果，名解脫堅。名見諦上無漏聖德為解脫也。此即是證。」問曰：何故不說戒堅？道理應論，以初行故略而不辨。又此為明聞思修證一次第行，故不說戒。四堅如是。

The doctrine of the four stabilities is as explained in the Tattvasiddhi. Solid and indestructible, they are called 'stabilities'. The stabilities differ among themselves, and one category speaks of four. What are their four names? The first is the stability of proclamation; the second, the stability of samādhi; the third, the stability of view; the fourth, the stability of liberation. Regarding the stability of proclamation, as explained in the treatise: 'Proclaiming that conditioned dharmas are impermanent, suffering, and empty, and that nirvāṇa is quiescence—these words are definitive and cannot be destroyed; this is named the stability of proclamation. Correct knowledge regarding this is named the perfection of wisdom born of hearing.' Regarding the stability of samādhi, as explained in the treatise: 'Attaining samādhi because of the proclamation is named the stability of samādhi. The perfection of this samādhi is named the perfection of wisdom born of reflection.' Regarding the stability of view, the treatise states: 'Relying on samādhi to contemplate conditioned dharmas as impermanent, suffering, and so forth is named the stability of view. The perfection of this view is named the perfection of wisdom born of cultivation.' Regarding the stability of liberation, as explained in the treatise: 'Attaining the fruit through the three wisdoms is named the stability of liberation. Untainted noble qualities above the view of the truths are called liberation. This is indeed realization.' Question: Why is the stability of morality not mentioned? In principle it ought to be discussed; however, because it is the initial practice, it is omitted and not distinguished. Furthermore, because this passage clarifies the sequential practice of hearing, reflection, cultivation, and realization, morality is not mentioned. Such are the four stabilities.