大乘義章 11.78

11.78

第五門中義別有二：一體用分別、二主伴分別。言體用者，初一慈行是其德體，後三德用。如《維摩》說，慈是體故，一慈門中統含法界一切行德。故彼經言「行寂滅慈，無所生故。行不熱慈，無煩惱故。行等之慈，等三世故。乃至修行六度慈等。」良以真實如來藏中恒沙佛法同一體性互相成故，依之成德。德只如是，一一之中皆備一切，是以慈中得具法界一切行德。後三用故，隨人化益。故彼經言「何謂為悲？菩薩功德皆與一切眾生共之。何謂為喜？有所饒益歡喜無悔。何謂為捨？有所福祐無所悕望。」此等皆是對人用也。一相如是。理實四行齊得為體並得為用，互相依故（此一門竟）。

In the fifth section, there are two distinct meanings: first, distinguishing essence and function; second, distinguishing primary and secondary. As for essence and function, the first practice, benevolence, is the essence of virtue, while the latter three are the function of virtue. As the Vimalakīrti-nirdeśa states, because benevolence is the essence, the single gate of benevolence comprehensively contains all the virtues of practice in the dharmadhātu. Thus that sūtra says: 'Practicing the benevolence of cessation, because there is no arising; practicing the benevolence of non-torment, because there are no afflictions; practicing the benevolence of equality, because it is equal across the three periods of time; up to cultivating the benevolence of the six pāramitās, and so forth.' This is truly because within the true tathāgatagarbha, the Buddha-dharmas numerous as the sands of the Ganges share the identical essence and mutually accomplish one another; virtues are accomplished relying upon it. Virtue is simply like this: within each single one, all are fully present; therefore, benevolence is able to completely possess all the virtues of practice in the dharmadhātu. Because the latter three are functions, they transform and benefit beings according to the person. Thus that sūtra says: 'What is called compassion? Sharing all of a bodhisattva's merits with all sentient beings. What is called sympathetic joy? Benefiting others with joy and without regret. What is called equanimity? Conferring blessing without expectation.' These are all functions directed toward people. One perspective is like this. In actuality, all four practices equally can serve as essence and equally can serve as function, because they mutually rely upon one another (this concludes the first sub-section).