大乘義章 12.56

12.56

五種教誡，出《地持論》。教謂教示，誡謂誡約。教誡不同，一門說五。五名是何？一者名制，制斷惡法。二者名聽，聽修善法。此二是本，後三隨之。三者名舉，於前制聽有缺減者，如法舉之。此言舉者，是其彰舉標過令識，不同賓舉。四名折伏，於前制聽數數毀犯，折伏與念，令其改悔。五名歡喜，於前制聽有實德者，稱揚讚說令其歡喜。五種教誡，略之云爾。

The five kinds of admonition derive from the Bodhisattvabhūmi. 'Instruction' (jiao) means teaching and showing; 'admonition' (jie) means restraining by rules. Admonitions differ in kind, and one approach explains five. What are their five names? The first is called prohibition, prohibiting and severing unwholesome dharmas. The second is called permission, permitting the cultivation of wholesome dharmas. These two are the basis; the latter three follow them. The third is called raising, raising in accordance with the Dharma when there is a deficiency in the preceding prohibition or permission. Here 'raising' means pointing out and noting transgressions to make them recognized; it is not the same as raising an outsider. The fourth is called subduing, when the preceding prohibitions or permissions are repeatedly violated, subduing them and giving reminders to make them reform and repent. The fifth is called rejoicing, when there is actual virtue regarding the preceding prohibitions or permissions, praising and extolling it to make them rejoice. Such is a brief account of the five kinds of admonition.