大乘義章 13.65

13.65

八大人覺者，佛是大人，諸佛大人覺知此法為涅槃因，名大人覺。所覺不同，一門說八。八名是何？一是少欲、二是知足、三樂寂靜、四懃精進、五守正念、六修禪定、七修智慧、八不戲論。於彼未得五欲法中不廣追求，名為少欲。已得法中受取以限，稱曰知足。離諸憒鬧獨處空閑，名樂寂靜。於諸善法懃修無間，故云精進。守法不失，名為正念。住法不亂，名曰禪定。起聞思修，說為智慧。證離分別，名不戲論。一一廣辨，如《遺教經》。就此八中，前七方便，後一正證。八大人覺，略之云爾。

Regarding the eight awakenings of a great being: a Buddha is a great being, and the Buddhas, great beings, awaken to this Dharma as the cause of nirvāṇa; hence they are called 'awakenings of a great being'. Because that which is awakened to differs, one exposition speaks of eight. What are the eight names? First, few desires; second, contentment; third, delighting in tranquility; fourth, diligent exertion; fifth, guarding right mindfulness; sixth, cultivating meditative concentration; seventh, cultivating wisdom; eighth, absence of frivolous discourse (*niṣprapañca*). Not broadly seeking after the dharmas of the five desires not yet attained is called 'few desires'. Receiving and accepting with limits among dharmas already attained is called 'contentment'. Departing from commotion and dwelling alone in a quiet and secluded place is called 'delighting in tranquility'. Diligently cultivating wholesome dharmas without interruption is called 'exertion'. Guarding the Dharma without letting it be lost is called 'right mindfulness'. Abiding in the Dharma without distraction is called 'meditative concentration'. Generating [wisdom] through hearing, reflection, and cultivation is called 'wisdom'. Realizing the departure from conceptual discrimination is called 'absence of frivolous discourse'. Each is broadly differentiated as in the *Sūtra of the Buddha's Last Teaching* (*Yijiao jing*). Among these eight, the first seven are expedients, and the last one is direct realization. The eight awakenings of a great being are briefly stated thus.