大乘義章 14.80

14.80

涅槃十因，如《涅槃》說：一信、二戒、三近善友、四者寂靜、五者精進、六正念具足、七者濡語、八者護法、九者布施、十者正慧。信者，菩薩信佛法僧常恒不變，一切眾生悉有佛性。戒者，菩薩堅持禁戒，不為一切，唯為最上第一義故。近善友者，若有能說信戒施聞智慧等法，令人行者，常親近之。言寂靜者，深觀法界，身心不動。言精進者，常觀四諦，投頭火燃終不放逸捨。正念具者，具六念心，念佛法僧戒施及天。言濡語者，離口四過與眾生語。言護法者，常自樂法，受持讀誦、書寫供養、思惟其義、為他廣說，見人護法種種供養。施者，菩薩於同法者，隨其所須一切給與。慧者，觀察如來常住無有變易，一切眾生悉有佛性，觀一切法若空若有、若常若無常，如是二諦種種差別。以此十種能見涅槃。十因如是。

The ten causes of nirvāṇa, as taught in the Nirvāṇa [Sūtra], are: first, faith; second, precepts; third, approaching good friends; fourth, quietude; fifth, diligence; sixth, complete right mindfulness; seventh, gentle speech; eighth, protecting the Dharma; ninth, giving; and tenth, right wisdom. 'Faith' means that the bodhisattva believes that the Buddha, Dharma, and Saṃgha are permanent, constant, and immutable, and that all sentient beings possess the Buddha-nature. 'Precepts' means that the bodhisattva firmly upholds the prohibitive precepts, not for the sake of anything whatsoever, but solely for the sake of the supreme ultimate truth. 'Approaching good friends' means that if there is anyone who can expound dharmas such as faith, precepts, giving, hearing, and wisdom, and cause people to practice them, one constantly associates closely with them. 'Quietude' means deeply contemplating the dharmadhātu, with body and mind unmoving. 'Diligence' means constantly contemplating the four noble truths, and even if one's head were ablaze, ultimately not abandoning them out of heedlessness. 'Complete right mindfulness' means being endowed with the mind of the six recollections: recollecting the Buddha, Dharma, Saṃgha, precepts, giving, and devas. 'Gentle speech' means speaking with sentient beings while being free from the four verbal faults. 'Protecting the Dharma' means constantly delighting in the Dharma oneself, accepting, upholding, reading, reciting, copying, making offerings to, and contemplating its meaning, expounding it extensively for others, and, seeing people who protect the Dharma, making various offerings to them. 'Giving' means that the bodhisattva provides whatever is needed to those of shared Dharma. 'Wisdom' means observing that the Tathāgata is eternally abiding without change, that all sentient beings possess the Buddha-nature, and observing all dharmas as either empty or existent, permanent or impermanent—the various distinctions of the two truths such as these. By means of these ten kinds, one is able to see nirvāṇa. Such are the ten causes.