大乘義章 15.50

15.50

第一門中釋名辨相。無而忽起，名之為化。起化之意，名為化心。化心不同，宣說十四、或說二十，小乘法中宣說十四，大乘法中宣說二十。言十四者，初禪有二：一者初禪化、二者初禪為欲界化。二禪有三：一者二禪為二禪化、二者二禪為初禪化、三者二禪為欲界化。三禪有四：當地有一、下地有三。四禪有五：當地有一、下地有四。良以小乘於上地度不能現化，故唯十四。言二十者，菩薩依於四禪發通，一一皆能為五地化，所謂欲界乃至四禪，故有二十。良以菩薩神通自在，故能如是。名數既然，相狀如何？有人依禪修得通竟，欲起化事先作是念：「我當化作如是事。」從此心後入於定中自然現化，名為化心。名相如是（此一門竟）。

In the first section, the names are explained and the characteristics are distinguished. That which suddenly arises from nothing is called transformation. The intention to produce a transformation is called the transformative mind. Regarding the varieties of transformative minds, fourteen are expounded, or twenty are expounded: in the Hīnayāna teachings, fourteen are expounded; in the Mahāyāna teachings, twenty are expounded. As for the fourteen: the first dhyāna has two: 1. Transformation within the first dhyāna; 2. Transformation produced by the first dhyāna for the desire realm. The second dhyāna has three: 1. Transformation produced by the second dhyāna for the second dhyāna; 2. Transformation produced by the second dhyāna for the first dhyāna; 3. Transformation produced by the second dhyāna for the desire realm. The third dhyāna has four: one for its own plane and three for the lower planes. The fourth dhyāna has five: one for its own plane and four for the lower planes. It is truly because Hīnayāna cannot manifest transformations into higher planes that there are only fourteen. As for the twenty: when a bodhisattva initiates supernormal powers relying on the four dhyānas, each can produce transformations for five planes—namely, from the desire realm up to the fourth dhyāna—hence there are twenty. It is truly because bodhisattvas possess sovereign supernormal powers that they are capable of this. The names and numbers being thus, what are their characteristics? A person, after cultivating and obtaining supernormal powers relying on dhyāna, intends to produce a transformation and first forms this thought: 'I shall manifest such an affair.' Following this thought, they enter into samādhi and naturally manifest the transformation; this is called the transformative mind. Such are the name and characteristics. (This concludes the first section.)