大乘義章 16.12

16.12

菩薩十八不共法義，出《奮迅王菩薩問經》。菩薩行德超出二乘，不與彼同，故曰不共。隨別細分不共無量，今據一門且論十八。名字是何？六度為六；身口意業所作殊勝，復以為三，通前為九；不因他故，自然能知一切世間五明處等，通前為十；以大悲心常為眾生廣治諸病，後授涅槃不為利養，為第十一；不願世間釋焚諸王，而常具受，為第十二；於好國土放逸之處，能教眾生修習亦念，為第十三；種種惡人於菩薩所不能加害，若見菩薩心則清淨，為第十四；有諸眾生不信三寶，若見菩薩則生信心，為第十五；天龍鬼神人非人等，若見菩薩即生師相，禮事供養，為第十六；於一切處為尊為導，化諸眾生斷惡修善，生天解脫，為第十七；隨所修習菩提分法，具足神通，魔不得便，為第十八。此之十八，始起菩薩，成滿在佛。今就起處以彰其名，名為菩薩不共法矣。不共法，辨之略爾。

The doctrine of the bodhisattva's eighteen unshared attributes originates in the *Sūtra of the Questions of Bodhisattva Viśeṣacintī*. Because the bodhisattva's practices and virtues surpass the two vehicles and are not shared with them, they are called unshared. When differentiated in detail, the unshared [attributes] are immeasurable, but now, based on one category, we shall discuss eighteen for the time being. What are their names? The six pāramitās make six; the sublime deeds performed by the actions of body, speech, and mind further make three, totalling nine with the preceding; spontaneously knowing all mundane five fields of knowledge and so forth without relying on others totals ten with the preceding; with a mind of great compassion constantly healing all illnesses extensively for sentient beings and later conferring nirvāṇa without seeking material gain makes the eleventh; not desiring the mundane status of the kings such as Śakra and Brahmā yet constantly possessing and receiving them fully makes the twelfth; in fine lands and places of negligence, being able to teach sentient beings to cultivate mindfulness makes the thirteenth; all kinds of wicked persons being unable to inflict harm upon the bodhisattva, and their minds becoming pure upon seeing the bodhisattva, makes the fourteenth; sentient beings who have no faith in the Three Jewels giving rise to faithful minds upon seeing the bodhisattva makes the fifteenth; gods, dragons, ghosts, spirits, humans, non-humans, and so forth immediately regarding him as a teacher, bowing, serving, and making offerings upon seeing the bodhisattva, makes the sixteenth; being revered as the leader everywhere, transforming sentient beings to sever evil and cultivate goodness, to be born in heaven, and to attain liberation, makes the seventeenth; possessing complete supernormal powers according to whatever factors of awakening he cultivates, so that Māra cannot gain any advantage, makes the eighteenth. These eighteen are initiated in the bodhisattva and fully perfected in the Buddha. Now, designating their name according to their place of origin, they are termed the bodhisattva's unshared attributes. The unshared attributes are thus briefly differentiated.