大乘義章 16.25

16.25

次論開合。就行論之，開六合四，就位而辨，開四合六。云何就行開六合四？彼前十種行體之中，思、猗、喜、捨四種不分，名之為合。餘六種中，信分為二，信根、信力。或分為三，謂八正中正語、正業及與正命。念分為四，念根、念力、念覺、正念。定、慧、精進各分為八，是故使有三十七品。慧分八者，彼四念處通皆是慧，即以為四；五根之中有其慧根，五力之中有其慧力，七覺支中擇法覺支，八正道中有其正見，斯皆是慧，合為八也。精進八者，彼四正勤通是精進，即以為四；五根之中有精進根，五力之中有精進力，七覺支中精進覺支，八正道中有正精進，通前為八。定中八者，四如意足通皆是定，即以為四；五根之中有其定根，五力之中有其定力，七覺支中有定覺支，八正道中有其正定，即以為四，通前為八。就行如是。云何就位開四合六？信唯在於見道已前，正思及戒唯在見道，猗、喜及捨唯在修道，名之為合。念、進、定、慧該通始終，目之為開。開合如是（此二門竟）。

Next is to discuss opening and combining. Discussed in terms of practice, six are opened and four are combined; discriminated in terms of stages, four are opened and six are combined. How are six opened and four combined in terms of practice? Among those ten kinds of essential substances of practice mentioned earlier, the four kinds—thought (saṅkalpa/cetanā), pliancy (prasrabdhi), joy (prīti), and equanimity (upekṣā)—are not divided, which is called 'combining'. Among the remaining six kinds: faith is divided into two, namely the faculty of faith and the power of faith; precept is divided into three, namely right speech, right action, and right livelihood within the eightfold correct [path]; mindfulness is divided into four, namely the faculty of mindfulness, the power of mindfulness, the awakening factor of mindfulness, and right mindfulness; samādhi, prajñā, and diligence are each divided into eight; hence there come to be thirty-seven factors. As for prajñā being divided into eight: the four applications of mindfulness are all prajñā throughout, which constitutes four; within the five faculties there is the faculty of prajñā; within the five powers there is the power of prajñā; within the seven factors of awakening there is the factor of awakening of dharmapravicaya (investigation of dharmas); within the eightfold correct path there is right view; all of these are prajñā, combining into eight. As for diligence being eight: the four right exertions are diligence throughout, which constitutes four; within the five faculties there is the faculty of diligence; within the five powers there is the power of diligence; within the seven factors of awakening there is the factor of awakening of diligence; within the eightfold correct path there is right diligence; together with the former, these make eight. As for the eight within samādhi: the four bases of psychic power are all samādhi throughout, which constitutes four; within the five faculties there is the faculty of samādhi; within the five powers there is the power of samādhi; within the seven factors of awakening there is the factor of awakening of samādhi; within the eightfold correct path there is right samādhi; this constitutes four, which together with the former makes eight. Such is it in terms of practice. How are four opened and six combined in terms of stages? Faith exists solely prior to the path of seeing; right thought and precepts exist solely in the path of seeing; pliancy, joy, and equanimity exist solely in the path of cultivation; [these] are called 'combining'. Mindfulness, diligence, samādhi, and prajñā run throughout from beginning to end, which is termed 'opening'. Such are opening and combining (these two gates are concluded).