大乘義章 7.43

7.43

六業之義，如《成實》說，所謂地獄、畜生、餓鬼、人、天之業及不定業，是其六也。三塗業者，如經中說「十不善業，上生地獄、中生畜生、下生餓鬼。」又身口意具起不善，生地獄中；具二重者，生畜生中；具二輕者，生餓鬼中。如彼《成實．六業品》中無量分別，不可具論。人天業者，散善下業生於人中，散善上業生於欲天，八禪定業生色無色。不定業者，如論中說「微善下惡名不定業。微末之善，或三塗受、或在欲界人天中受，故曰不定。下惡亦然。」問曰：三塗無善業果，云何下善三塗中受？論釋不同。毘曇法中，地獄之中全無善果，鬼畜分有。成實法中，下三惡皆有善果。六業如是。

The meaning of the six karmas is as explained in the *Tattvasiddhi*: namely, karma of hells, animals, hungry ghosts, humans, gods, and indefinite karma—these are the six. As for karma of the three bad destinies, as the sūtras say: "For the ten unwholesome karmas, the superior grade leads to birth in the hells, the middling grade leads to birth as animals, and the inferior grade leads to birth as hungry ghosts." Moreover, generating unwholesomeness fully in body, speech, and mind leads to birth in the hells; having two that are heavy leads to birth among animals; having two that are light leads to birth among hungry ghosts. As in the "Chapter on the Six Karmas" of that *Tattvasiddhi*, there are immeasurable differentiations that cannot be fully treated. As for human and divine karma: the inferior karma of diffuse goodness leads to birth among humans; the superior karma of diffuse goodness leads to birth in the desire heavens; the dhyāna-samādhi karma of the eight dhyānas leads to birth in the form and formless realms. As for indefinite karma, as the treatise says: "Slight good and minor evil are called indefinite karma. Minimal good may be experienced in the three bad destinies, or experienced among humans and gods in the desire realm; hence it is called indefinite. Minor evil is likewise." Question: There are no fruits of good karma in the three bad destinies; how can minor good be experienced in the three bad destinies? The treatises explain this differently. In the system of the Abhidharma, there are no good fruits whatsoever in the hells, but there are some among ghosts and animals. In the system of the *Tattvasiddhi*, all of the three lower evil destinies have good fruits. Such are the six karmas.