肇論疏 1.35

1.35

The four treatises below are the second chapter, explaining the teachings. The four treatises in four chapters explain the four teachings: first, the Treatise on Things Not Shifting, explaining existence to express the teaching of the conventional truth (saṃvṛti-satya); second, the Treatise on the Non-substantiality of the Unreal (Buzhenkong lun), explaining emptiness to express the teaching of the ultimate truth (paramārtha-satya); third, the Treatise on Prajñā (Bore lun), explaining the cause to express the teaching of prajñā; fourth, the Treatise on Nirvāṇa (Niepan lun), explaining the fruit to express the teaching of nirvāṇa. Explaining these four phenomena and expressing those four teachings, the principle of Śākyamuni's single transformation [of beings] is fully exhausted here. Now, regarding the words 'Treatise on Things Not Shifting': the Chapter on Mastering Life in the Outer Chapters of the Zhuangzi says: 'Whatever possesses shape, appearance, sound, or color is a thing.' The Discourse on Name and Actuality (Mingshi lun) by Gongsun Longzi says: 'What heaven and earth produce are things.' The Mao Commentary on the Book of Odes says: 'To shift (qian) means to move.' People say that things all shift and move, changing and impermanent. Now it is explained that things originally do not shift; while in this worldly age each has their own assertions, although contrary to ordinary understanding, this meaning accords with the Way; hence it is called the Treatise on Things Not Shifting.