大乘法苑義林章 3.33

3.33

Ninth, concerning prior attainment and subsequent relinquishment: the one hundredth fascicle of the Yogācārabhūmi states, 'When a bhikṣu changes into a nun, or a nun changes into a bhikṣu, they thereupon re-attain the precepts, and do not need to receive the precepts again. This applies up to the precepts of a śrāmaṇera, śrāmaṇerikā, and so forth. When a śikṣamāṇā becomes a male, he is simply a śrāmaṇera, and does not need to receive them again. When a śrāmaṇera changes into a female, she must additionally receive the six dharmas. The six dharmas mean that one [rule] is added on top of what was previously held.' If prātimokṣa is received gradually or all at once, starting from the five precepts, one receives the bhikṣu precepts sequentially. When one further receives the ten precepts from the five precepts, one merely augments their conditions to make the precepts more distinct and clear; the precept-essence is not separately or repeatedly generated. One relies solely on the former three bodily and one verbal [precepts]; it merely checks the prohibitive precepts up to the ten precepts. When receiving the full bhikṣu precepts, one merely augments the three verbal ones, and does not separately obtain the former four factors. If spoken of vertically, they are definitely attained through gradual reception, not all at once. If spoken of horizontally, then it is all at once and not gradual, because the four factors or seven factors are all attained all at once. When relinquishing them, there is also gradual and all-at-once [relinquishment]. In the case of an upāsaka, there are also the two receptions of gradual and all-at-once. As the Abhidharmasamuccaya states, 'There are partial, majority, and complete upāsakas.' As for relinquishment: take, for example, the ten precepts and the six dharmas. Later, when relinquishing the six dharmas, does one merely relinquish the four factors of the six dharmas, or does one also relinquish the four factors within the ten precepts? Furthermore, when the five hundred precepts of a nun are later relinquished, does one merely relinquish three factors while four factors are not relinquished, or are all seven relinquished together? The explanation says: When the six dharmas are relinquished, the fourteen factors have already been relinquished, because the essence is not different. When a nun relinquishes the seven factors, there are two explanations. One says: Three are relinquished and four are not relinquished, because they are not different from the preceding four factors. The other says: All seven factors are relinquished together, because the times of reception were distinct.