華嚴五十要問答 1.48

1.48

問：一乘教義分齊云何？答：一乘教有二種，一共教、二不共教。圓教一乘所明諸義，文文句句皆具一切，此是不共教，廣如《華嚴經》說。二共教者，即小乘、三乘教，名字雖同，意皆別異，如諸大乘經中廣說可知。仍諸共教，上下相望有共不共。如小乘教三世有等，三乘即無；三乘教有，小乘即無。或二乘共有，如道品等名數共同；或二乘俱無，則一乘教是也，可類準知。

Question: What is the delimitation of the doctrine of the Ekayāna? Answer: The Ekayāna teaching is of two kinds: first, the common teaching; second, the distinct teaching. All the doctrines clarified by the Ekayāna of the round teaching possess everything in every single word and phrase; this is the distinct teaching, as extensively explained in the Avataṃsaka-sūtra. Second, the common teaching refers to the teachings of the Hīnayāna and triyāna: although their names are the same, their imports are entirely different, as may be known from their extensive explanation in the various Mahāyāna sūtras. Moreover, looking at these common teachings relative to higher and lower, there are common and uncommon aspects. For example, the Hīnayāna teaching holds that the three periods of time exist, which is absent in the triyāna; what exists in the triyāna teaching is absent in the Hīnayāna. Or there are things common to both yānas, such as the items and enumerations of the factors of awakening being shared; or there are things absent in both yānas, which is precisely the Ekayāna teaching. One may extrapolate by analogy and know this.