華嚴經內章門等雜孔目章 2.9

2.9

The six pāramitās are: dāna, śīla, kṣānti, vīrya, dhyāna, and prajñā pāramitā. Dāna: this is called 'generosity' (bùshī); directing the mind universally is called bù, and giving up one's own to benefit others is called shī. Śīla: this is called 'coolness'; the feverish energy of the three karmas is hot, and precepts can guard against and extinguish it, hence it is called 'coolness'. Kṣānti: this is called 'patience'; being afflicted by others is called 'insult', and remaining tranquil in the face of insult is called 'patience'. Vīrya: this is called 'vigor'; refining the mind in the Dharma is called 'refined' (jīng), and the refined mind advancing courageously is called 'progress' (jìn). Dhyāna: this is called 'arising of wisdom'; because wisdom arises dependent on meditative stabilization, it is called 'arising of wisdom'. Prajñā: this is called 'wisdom'; being decisive and clear regarding conditions is called 'wisdom'. Pāramitā: pāra means 'the other shore', and mita means 'reached'; that is, 'reaching the other shore'. This meaning belongs to the Triyāna, and the names are identical in the Hīnayāna as well. Looking at their meaning, however, there is a difference between reaching the other shore and not reaching the other shore. In the initial teaching of the Triyāna, each of the six pāramitās has ten meanings, as explained in the *Bodhisattvabhūmi-śāstra*. Furthermore, in meaning, cultivating the six pāramitās free of the characteristics of the three wheels is empty suchness. If according to the final teaching, knowing the dharma-nature to be free from greed and cultivating the pāramitā of dāna accords with the virtues of suchness. If according to the sudden teaching of suchness, it cannot be expressed. If according to the Ekayāna, the six pāramitās each have ten gates, as explained below in the 'Chapter on Leaving the World'.