註華嚴法界觀門 1.58

1.58

Rūpa is the foremost of the dharmalakṣaṇas and the first of the five aggregates; therefore, whenever the sūtras wish to explain the meaning of emptiness, they always explain it in terms of rūpa. For instance, the Mahāprajñāpāramitā Sūtra lists more than eighty categories of terms and numbers, all of which use rūpa as an exemplar. To point out the essentials, they are the sentient beings of the six destinies, the Buddhas and bodhisattvas of the ten directions, the persons of the two vehicles, and so forth, as well as the five aggregates, twelve sense-bases, and eighteen elements. Because in this school defilement and purity have no dual characteristics, one should say: "Sensation, perception, volition, and consciousness are not identical to annihilationist emptiness," and so forth. For the passages on blue, yellow, and so forth, one should say: "The characteristics of receiving and so forth are not the principle of true emptiness," and so forth. Even up to all Buddhas, one should say: "The characteristics of supernatural powers, radiant light, and so forth are not the principle of true emptiness," and so forth; that is, one cannot see the Tathāgata by means of bodily characteristics.