釋門歸敬儀 2.30

2.30

The above has briefly laid out ten items according to external forms. As for others, such as bending the body, lowering the head, and fixing the gaze in upward reverence, which are employed according to the mind's inclinations, how could they all be recorded? Yet when unified by a single thread, most fall within the preceding ranks; as for the Vinaya prescriptions, they are also quite distinct in category. Therefore, the etiquette of a junior seat first comprises five methods: first, baring the right shoulder; second, removing the shoes; third, bowing at the feet; fourth, alternating kneeling; and fifth, joining the palms. When a senior seat repents before a junior seat, there are four methods, omitting bowing at the feet; hence we know that the other four apply to both high and low. Bowing at the feet alone is not practiced toward a lower position; these four rites are established for repenting transgressions. At all other ordinary times, all four methods are eliminated. (The alternating kneeling of a junior seat is also based on the rite of making requests and repenting; in ordinary cultivation and reception, it is not logically practiced.)