摩訶止觀 8.6

8.6

First, in explaining the characteristics, we first explain the name. Defilement (kleśa) is a phenomenon of turbulence and confusion that vexes and disturbs the mental spirit. Moreover, it creates distress for the mind and causes the mind to suffer affliction; this refers to the sharp and dull [delusions of] view and thought. This is an initial division: why must the five dull ones be only craving and anger? For instance, creeping insects do not in fact infer principles, yet they raise their heads and flare their fins, glaring with angry eyes and puffing themselves up. How could the base and lowly ordinary people ever cling to views? Yet in walking, standing, sitting, and lying down, they constantly give rise to the thought of self; thus we know that the five dull ones are not without sharpness. How could the five sharp ones be only delusions of view? When are they ever free from anger and desire? One should know that the designations of 'sharp' and 'dull' apply commonly to both view and thought.