摩訶止觀 9.30

9.30

Furthermore, in terms of the ten virtues of the touch of motion, such as emptiness and clarity, to discuss excess and deficiency: the emptiness here is merely open and unimpeded, which is proper emptiness. If it is permanently extinguished and silent, utterly devoid of awareness, that is an excess; if it is unyielding and obstructive, that is a deficiency. As for clarity, it is distinct and bright like the moon in a mirror; if it is like the bright sun, or one sees various lights and colors, that is an excess; if one sees nothing at all, that is a deficiency. As for concentration, it is simply a single mind settled and quiet; if one is bound and fixated without moving, that is an excess; if it gallops off distracted among myriad objects, that is a deficiency. And so on, down to correspondence, it is also like this. These are the twenty kinds of improper marks within a single touch of motion; combined with the other seven touches, there are altogether one hundred and sixty improper states.