摩訶止觀 9.6

9.6

How are these ten gates the same as or different from the five gates and fifteen gates? There is only the difference of expansion and contraction. Expanding the five into ten: expanding breath counting brings forth the superior excellences and total brightness; expanding impurity brings forth the liberations and the great impurity; loving-kindness and causes and conditions keep to the original; the gate of mindfulness of the Buddha is named dhātu-upāya in the Abhidharma and called mindfulness of the Buddha in the Dhyāna-sūtra, and this also keeps to the original; supernatural powers arise on the basis of the nine dhyānas, not relying exclusively on a single dharma. Combining the fifteen gates into ten: breath counting and impurity each have three, which are not combined. Loving-kindness has three, but is combined into one, namely loving-kindness toward sentient beings. Dropping the two names is because dhyāna is an sequential phenomenal dharma for entering; conditions of dharmas is contemplation entering the principle for the two vehicles, and unconditioned is contemplation entering the principle for the Mahāyāna; dropping the principle and removing the two, only the phenomenal remains as one. If expanded, they are subsumed under the two realms of the two vehicles and bodhisattvas. Causes and conditions also has three gates: the transmigration through the three times is coarse, while retribution and a single thought-moment explain the meaning subtly; being subtle, they align with the principle, and being coarse, they belong to phenomena; now dropping the subtle and preserving the coarse, it is called only the gate of the three times. Mindfulness of the Buddha also has three, but here takes only mindfulness of the response Buddha. Supernatural powers takes only the five supernatural powers. If one takes only five gates, some things are omitted; if one takes fifteen, the meaning is conflated with the principle; therefore, the principle is eliminated and phenomena expanded. Although expansion and contraction differ, each has its purpose.