止觀輔行傳弘決 1.14

1.14

「一夏」者，通舉始終策修之限。開演稱讚，故曰「敷揚」。「二時」，朝、晡也。「慈霔」者，慈心所說如霔大雨。若以生法二緣說則有窮，以無緣慈心無依倚，恣樂說辨，故曰「不窮」。位居五品，乃是觀行無緣慈也。霔者，如《大論》第五評四法師偈云「多聞辯慧巧言語，美說諸法轉人心。自不如法行不正，譬如雲雷而無雨（其一）。廣學多聞有智慧，訥口拙言無巧便，不能顯發法寶藏，譬如無雷而小雨（其二）。不廣學問無智慧，不能說法無好行，是弊法師無慚愧，譬如小雲無雷雨（其三）。多聞廣智巧言語，美說諸法轉人心，行法心正無所畏，如大雲雷霔洪雨（其四）。」偈意以多聞為雲、說法如雷、慈行如雨，大師具三，即第四法師。

"One summer" generally brings up the limit of practice from beginning to end. To expound and praise is called "unfolding and propagating". "Two periods" refers to morning and late afternoon. "Showers of compassion" means that what was spoken with a mind of compassion was like pouring down great rain. If spoken based on the conditions of sentient beings or phenomena, there would be an end; but because a mind of unconditioned compassion has nothing to rely upon, indulging freely in delight of speech and eloquence, it is called "without end". His stage was that of the five ranks, which is the unconditioned compassion of the practice of contemplation. As for "showers", it is as the fifth fascicle of the Dazhidulun verses appraising four Dharma masters says: / "Having extensive learning, eloquence, and skillful speech, / Beautifully expounding all dharmas to move people's minds, / Yet not acting in accord with the Dharma oneself, with improper conduct— / Like clouds and thunder without rain (the first). / Broadly learned, extensively hearing, possessing wisdom, / But tongue-tied, clumsy in speech, lacking skillfulness, / Unable to reveal and manifest the treasury of Dharma jewels— / Like thunderless yet light rain (the second). / Not broadly educated, lacking wisdom, / Unable to expound the Dharma, lacking good conduct; / This corrupt Dharma master has no sense of shame— / Like small clouds without thunder or rain (the third). / Extensively learned, broadly wise, with skillful speech, / Beautifully expounding all dharmas to move people's minds, / Practicing the Dharma with an upright mind, devoid of fear— / Like great clouds and thunder pouring down immense rain (the fourth)." / The purport of the verse takes extensive learning as clouds, expounding the Dharma as thunder, and compassionate conduct as rain. The Great Master possessed all three, and was thus the fourth Dharma master.