釋禪波羅蜜次第法門 5.37

5.37

Second, explaining gain and loss: when entering desire-realm concentration, since the dharma-mind is shallow and lacks support, it is difficult to attain and easy to lose. The conditions of easy loss are matters that must be recognized. Losing concentration has two forms: first, loss from external conditions—meaning that when concentration is attained, if one does not apply the mind properly, and violates the internal and external expedient means halfway through, then one regresses from and loses dhyāna-concentration. Furthermore, when the practitioner is about to attain concentration, if they speak to others, or display the marks of concentration to let others notice, or if it is suddenly ruined by external affairs and conditions—not being aware or cognizant of such various external matters, when hindrances arise, one immediately loses concentration. If one can protect it so that what was originally attained is not lost and hindrances cannot arise, it is called gain. Second, regarding gain and loss in terms of the internal, there are six dharmas that can cause the loss of dhyāna-concentration: first, an expectant mind; second, a doubtful mind; third, panic; fourth, great joy; fifth, heavy attachment; sixth, worry and regret. Before attaining dhyāna, there is one: namely, the expectant mind. In entering dhyāna, there are four: namely, doubt, fear, joy, and attachment. On emerging from dhyāna, there is often worry and regret; these can break the concentration mind and cause it to regress and be lost. Speaking of these six generally, they can occur in the stages of before, during, and after concentration. The presence of these six dharmas causes regression and loss of concentration; if one can be free of these six dharmas, then concentration is easily attained. Because it is not lost, it is called gain. Although these are minor matters, if they are not explained, people will not know them. If one properly grasps the intent, one will know what obstructs.