釋禪波羅蜜次第法門 5.84

5.84

Second, explaining that the five factors are identical according to their common meaning: when vitarka arises, it completely possesses the meaning of the five factors. Why? When vitarka arises, it fundamentally relates to sensation. Experiencing cold and warmth within sensation is precisely the vitarka factor. When experiencing it, does one not immediately differentiate? Knowing that cold is distinct from warmth is precisely the vicāra factor. When sensation arises, there is immediately a joyful mind—just as a person sees an exquisite, beautiful form and immediately gives rise to delight without waiting for deliberation; hence the treatise verse says: 'Great joy and vitarka move the mind.' When sensation arises, the entire body inevitably relaxes with ease; this is precisely the sukha factor. When ease arises, it is inevitably accompanied by absorption, hence it is called 'samādhi accompanied by vitarka and vicāra'; one should know that there is immediately the factor of ekāgratā. Thus, the five factors arise simultaneously, not waiting for culmination; it is only that in matters they are not yet prominent, so they are explained on the basis of their culmination. The distinctive meanings are as stated before.