釋禪波羅蜜次第法門 8.16

8.16

First, we first clarify the marks of cultivating and realizing the first dhyāna. As the Mahāsaṃnipāta Sūtra states: “The first dhyāna is called both endowed and detached. Detached means detached from the five hindrances; endowed means endowed with the five factors. The five factors are vitarka, vicāra, prīti, pliancy, and samādhi. What is vitarka? Such as mind-vitarka, great vitarka, reflection, great reflection, contemplating the nature of the mind—this is named vitarka. What is vicāra? Contemplating mental activity, great activity, pervasive activity, conforming to intention—this is named vicāra. What is prīti? Such as true knowing, great knowing, the mind stirring toward the mind—this is named prīti. What is pliancy? It means mental pliancy, bodily pliancy, pliancy of feeling, experiencing pleasurable contact—this is named pliancy. What is samādhi? It means mind-abiding, great abiding, undistracted by conditions, unerring, free of inversion—this is named samādhi.” This is that sūtra’s brief explanation of the marks of cultivating and realizing the penetrating clarity first dhyāna.