釋禪波羅蜜次第法門 8.34

8.34

First, explaining the vitarka factor. The sūtra states regarding the vitarka factor: 'vitarka, great vitarka, reflection, great reflection, contemplating the nature of the mind.' The characteristics of vitarka are clarified based on these five phrases. Now we first explain the two phrases 'vitarka and great vitarka'. Differentiated according to mundane and supramundane realms, there is this distinction between the two vitarkas. The mundane realm is the characteristic of diversity; the supramundane realm is the characteristic of suchness. This suchness and diversity are alternative names for the two truths of the ultimate and the conventional. Now, in terms of the approach to contemplation, shallow and deep are easily seen. We shall now differentiate them fully in reliance on the Treatise on the Great Perfection of Wisdom. The treatise says: 'There are three kinds: superior, middling, and inferior.' Since suchness and diversity have three kinds, vitarka and great vitarka should also be three. The intent of the treatise is that differentiating provisional designations is called diversity. Differentiating the real dharmas of the four great elements as having the same essence is called inferior suchness. Differentiating the earth element as distinct from the other three great elements is called diversity. Being identical in impermanence, unvarying in arising and ceasing, is called intermediate suchness. Impermanent arising and ceasing is called diversity. Arising and ceasing being identical to emptiness, without difference, is called superior suchness. Now, based on dhyāna as inferior, middling, and superior grades, we clarify the marks of depth in the contemplation approach.