觀心論疏 2.6

2.6

答：「因緣所生」者，即是二十五有，有漏生滅之法，先出所破之境也。次云「我說即是空」者，即是不生，破因緣有漏生法，明其不生，故是空也。次云「亦名為假名」者，即是不滅，破灰斷滅無，故云亦名假名也。次云「亦名中道義」者，即是不生故不常，不滅故不斷，不常不斷、非有非無故，亦名中道義也。所以，論用不生不滅之空假破迷，申佛中道圓妙三觀，意在此也。論破外人云「若如汝所計，則無三寶四諦。若如我所破，則不失三寶四諦」，三寶四諦即榮樹一鳥之用也。論後兩品明小乘觀法，即是枯樹一鳥之用也。是則二鳥俱遊，枯榮雙運，斯論之妙用。又論明「二觀」即是論用，「中」即是論體，故稱中道論也。

Answer: 'Arisen through causes and conditions' refers to the twenty-five states of existence, the conditioned phenomena of arising and ceasing; this first sets forth the objective realm to be refuted. Next, saying 'I declare to be emptiness' is non-arising; it refutes the conditioned, defiled phenomena of arising, clarifying their non-arising; hence it is emptiness. Next, saying 'they are also termed provisional names' is non-ceasing; it refutes extinction like reduction to ashes and nihilistic non-existence; hence it says 'also termed provisional names'. Next, saying 'also the meaning of the Middle Way' means: because they are non-arising they are not permanent, and because they are non-ceasing they are not annihilated; because they are neither permanent nor annihilated, neither existent nor non-existent, it is also termed the meaning of the Middle Way. Therefore, the treatise uses the emptiness and provisionality of non-arising and non-ceasing to refute delusion and elaborate the Buddha's perfectly wondrous three contemplations of the Middle Way; the intention lies herein. The treatise refutes the outsider, saying: 'If it were as you maintain, there would be no Three Jewels or Four Noble Truths. If it is as I refute, then the Three Jewels and Four Noble Truths are not lost.' The Three Jewels and Four Noble Truths are precisely the function of the single bird on the flourishing tree. The final two chapters of the treatise explain the contemplation methods of the Hīnayāna, which are precisely the function of the single bird on the withered tree. Thus, the two birds roaming together, and withering and flourishing doubly operating, are the wondrous function of this treatise. Furthermore, the treatise clarifying the 'two contemplations' is the function of the treatise, while the 'Middle' is the essence of the treatise; therefore it is called the Treatise on the Middle Way.