四教義 8.6

8.6

Second, explaining the meaning of 'goodness': this is none other than the wholesome dharmas of the fivefold mental pacification. These five dharmas can generate all dhyānas; dhyāna is named the abandonment of evil, and is also called a thicket of virtues. The two kinds of goodness—cessation and practice—do not surpass dhyāna. Dhyāna relies on these five dharmas; these five dharmas are the basis of internal goodness. Although the practitioner's initial faith and understanding are upright, due to whichever of the five kinds of unwholesomeness is heaviest, their mind is constantly scattered and cannot be paused even momentarily, like a lamp in the wind; how could it clearly illuminate things? To know causes and conditions as identical to the true, one must attain single-minded dhyāna tranquility, just as when water is clear, the image of a pearl naturally appears. Therefore, for those with much reflection and investigation, they are taught to cultivate the counting of breaths. Due to counting breaths, the mind is unmoving and undistracted, attains the concentration of the desire realm, abides in the threshold concentration, and can generate the first dhyāna up to the four dhyānas and the four formless concentrations; like a clear mirror without movement, or pure water without ripples, because the eyes and feet are complete, one enters the pool of refreshing coolness; this is called upright goodness. A person of upright goodness can give rise to the untainted; hence being close to the noble is called 'worthy'. Therefore the Dàpǐn jīng says: 'Ānāpāna is none other than the Mahāyāna of the bodhisattva, because it is unobtainable.' This explains the stage of dry wisdom of the worthy according to the first mental pacification. The contemplation of impurity directly counters and destroys greed; explaining the mental pacification that enters the initial worthy's stage of dry wisdom is also like this. Therefore the Dàpǐn jīng says: 'The contemplation of impurity is none other than the Mahāyāna of the bodhisattva, because it is unobtainable.' Loving-kindness, expedients regarding the realms, and causes and conditions—explaining the mental pacification that enters the initial worthy's stage of dry wisdom is also like this.