西方合論 4.9

4.9

三、有餘教者，了二空真理，修習萬行，趣大乘佛果。唯不許闡提、二乘成佛；謂闡提無性、二乘定性，決不可成；未盡大乘真理故，名有餘。此經言：「除五逆不生。」又云：「二乘種不生。」教義似同，二乘上已釋竟。言五逆不生者，以謗法故，以無信心，非是無性，決不可成。故《觀經》中，毀戒眾生臨終惡相見者，聞讚佛功德，地獄猛火化清涼風。乃至五逆十惡，具足十念者，見金蓮華，猶如日輪，一剎那頃，皆得往生。此是自性不思議功德，仗不思議佛力，得顯現故。若不具足佛性，如頑石濁滓，豈能透月？當知念能顯性，如是往生，是性力故。如日能顯空，空非因日。是故一切眾生，皆成佛故，不同始教有餘之教。

Third, as for the teaching with remainder: it comprehends the true principle of the twofold emptiness, cultivates the myriad practices, and advances toward the Mahāyāna fruit of buddhahood. It only denies that icchantikas and the two vehicles can attain buddhahood, asserting that icchantikas lack the nature and that those of the two vehicles have a fixed nature, so that they decidedly cannot attain it; because it has not exhausted the true principle of the Mahāyāna, it is called 'with remainder'. This sūtra states: 'Excepting those who commit the five heinous crimes, they are not reborn.' It also says: 'The lineage of the two vehicles is not reborn.' The doctrinal meaning appears identical, but the two vehicles have already been explained above. The statement that those of the five heinous crimes are not reborn is due to their saddharmapratikṣepa and because they lack faithful minds, not because they lack the nature such that they decidedly cannot attain it. Therefore, in the Guan jing, when beings who have broken the precepts see evil omens at the point of death, upon hearing the praise of the Buddha's merit, the fierce fires of hell turn into a cool breeze. Even for those of the five heinous crimes and ten non-virtues who complete ten recitations, they see a golden lotus blossom like a sun disc, and in an instant, all attain rebirth. This is because the inconceivable merit of the svabhāva is manifested relying upon the inconceivable power of the Buddha. If one did not fully possess the buddhadhātu, like an inert stone or turbid dregs, how could it let moonlight shine through? One should know that mindfulness can reveal the nature, and such rebirth is due to the power of the nature. Just as the sun can reveal space, yet space does not depend on the sun. Therefore, because all sentient beings attain buddhahood, it is unlike the initial teaching with remainder.