人天眼目 3.183

3.183

寂音曰。瑜伽師地論曰。死有三種。謂壽盡故。福盡故。不避不平等故。當知亦是時非時死。或由善心或不善心或無記心。云何壽盡死。猶如有一隨感。壽量滿盡故死。此名時死。云何福盡故死。猶如有一資具缺故死。云何不避不平等故死。如世尊說九因九緣。未盡壽量而死。何等為九。謂食無度量。食時不宜。不消復食。生而不吐。熟而持之。不近醫藥。不知於己。若損若益。非時非量。行非梵行。此名非時死。予以是觀之。乃知時而食。即不枉死名正命食。黃檗曰。今時纔出眾來者。只欲多知多解。廣求文義。喚作修行。不知多知多解翻成壅塞。惟多與兒乳酪。消與不消。都總不知。三乘學道人皆此樣。盡名食不消。食不消者。所謂知解不消。皆為毒藥。盡去生滅邊收。真如之中。無此事故。以此知。曹山貴正命食立三墮。

Jiyin said: The *Yogācārabhūmi-śāstra* states, 'There are three kinds of death: namely, due to exhaustion of lifespan, due to exhaustion of merit, and due to failing to avoid imbalances. It should be known that there are also timely and untimely deaths, and they occur either from a wholesome mind, an unwholesome mind, or an indeterminate mind. What is death due to exhaustion of lifespan? It is like someone whose lifespan, as conditioned [by past karma], has reached its full limit, and thus they die; this is called timely death. What is death due to exhaustion of merit? It is like someone dying due to a lack of life-sustaining necessities. What is death due to failing to avoid imbalances? As the World-Honoured One spoke of the nine causes and nine conditions under which one dies before exhausting one's lifespan. What are the nine? Namely: eating without measure; eating at inappropriate times; eating again before digestion; not regurgitating what is raw; retaining what is fully cooked; not approaching doctors and medicine; not knowing what is harmful or beneficial to oneself; and indulging in unchaste conduct at improper times and without restraint. This is called untimely death.' Viewing it in this light, I know that eating in accordance with the proper time means not dying in vain, and this is called right-livelihood food. Huangbo said, 'Nowadays, as soon as people come out from the assembly, they only want to know much and understand much, seeking broadly for texts and meanings, calling this practice. They do not know that much knowledge and much understanding turn out to cause obstructions. It is just like giving a child too much curd, having no idea at all whether it is digested or undigested. Practitioners of the three vehicles are all like this; all of it is called undigested food. Undigested food refers to intellectual understanding that is not digested, all of which becomes poison, all belonging to the realm of arising and ceasing. Within true suchness, there is no such thing.' From this we know that Caoshan valued right-livelihood food and established the three falls.