宗鏡錄 48.33

48.33

Answer: They are excluded by the third characteristic. The treatise says: '3. Having the nature of being perfumable: If a dharma is sovereign and its nature is not dense and solid, capable of receiving impressions, it is then the passive recipient of perfuming. This excludes mental factors and unconditioned dharmas; unconditioned dharmas are dense and solid, and thus are not passive recipients of perfuming.' The word 'sovereign' specifically excludes Nanda's acceptance that the five mental factors of the eighth consciousness transform and receive perfuming. The author of the treatise states: 'Mental factors are not sovereign, because they arise dependent on another; they are not of the nature of the recipient of perfuming.' The words 'its nature is not dense and solid' specifically exclude Bodhisattva Aśvaghoṣa's [view that] tathatā receives perfuming. The author of the treatise states: 'The substance of the unconditioned is dense and solid, like metal or stone, and does not receive perfuming. That which is perfumable must first have an empty and porous nature capable of admitting seeds before it qualifies.' Aśvaghoṣa defends: 'When I say tathatā receives perfuming, it is because tathatā is the nature and the eighth is the characteristic. Nature and characteristic are not separate: when one perfumes the characteristic, it simultaneously perfumes the nature; or, because the characteristic is subsumed into the nature, what fault is there in tathatā receiving perfuming? It is like making finger rings out of metal or stone.' Dharmapāla refutes this: 'Perfuming applies to characteristics, not to the nature, just as fire burns the world but does not burn space. Now, it is only the citta king of the eighth consciousness whose substance and nature are empty and porous that can receive perfuming, just as clothing that is porous can receive the perfuming of incense.'