宗鏡錄 78.21

78.21

Answer: All names are merely adventitious designations. There is no phenomenon within a name, and there is no name within a phenomenon. Names do not correspond to phenomena, and phenomena do not correspond to names. A sūtra says: "This self-nature has no arising and no ceasing, no defilement and no purity. This rūpa having nothing that exists is the common characteristic. If there is arising, there is defilement; if there is ceasing, there is purity. Because it lacks these four meanings, rūpa has no separate characteristic." A sūtra says: "By provisionally establishing adventitious names, one speaks of the various characteristics in accordance with them." The Mahāyānasaṃgraha says: "All phenomena have vijñāna as their characteristic and tathatā as their substance." It also says: "All characteristics are of two kinds: first, manifesting as external; second, manifesting as internal. Manifesting as external is characteristic; manifesting as internal is thought." Therefore, we know that the single substance manifests two, with internal and external bifurcated. Then citta is neither internal nor external, and internal and external are citta. Furthermore, the capable and the object accomplish each other, and citta and objects mutually subsume each other. Being two yet not two, they are constantly merged in the true origin of a single taste; being not two yet two, they constantly divide into the false characteristics of citta and objects.