佛祖統紀 10.68

10.68

述曰。清猷趙公有言。錢氏五王三世。凡百年。當天下大亂。以數州之地盜名字者甚眾。獨吳越奉屢朝之正朔。不絕貢獻。不失臣節。暨皇宋受命。又能封府庫籍郡縣。請吏於上。仁足以保民。智足以全族。唯錢氏一門耳。歐陽公五代史。則曰錢氏崛起。非有功德。百年之際。虐用其民。嘻何二公立論之相戾耶。當五季時崛起而僭號者。曾何有乎功德。重斂以困民。窮兵以殺民。天下皆是也。豈能若錢氏全民土而歸聖朝耶。至哉清獻之辭。仁以保民。智以全族。歐陽亦太過論矣。

The commentary says: Duke Zhao of Qingyou once said: 'The five kings and three generations of the Qian clan spanned roughly a hundred years. When the realm was in great chaos, many were those who usurped titles with only a few prefectures of land; only Wuyue upheld the calendar of successive courts, never ceasing their tribute and never failing in their duty as ministers. When the August Song received the Mandate, they were furthermore able to seal their storehouses, register their commanderies and counties, and request officials from the throne. Benevolence sufficient to preserve the people, and wisdom sufficient to preserve the clan: this belonged to the house of Qian alone.' Duke Ouyang's History of the Five Dynasties, however, says: 'The Qian clan rose suddenly without merit or virtue; in the span of a hundred years, they abused their people.' Ah, how could the arguments of these two dukes be so contradictory? During the Five Dynasties, among those who rose up and usurped titles, what merit or virtue did they ever possess? Heavy taxation to impoverish the people, relentless warfare to kill the people—this was true throughout the realm. How could any of them preserve their people and territory to surrender to the Sage Court as the Qian clan did? How perfect are the words of Qingxian: 'Benevolence to preserve the people, and wisdom to preserve the clan.' Ouyang's evaluation was indeed too extreme.