佛祖統紀 3.14

3.14

四教並談曰方。四機俱被曰等。此從法得名。依部教立。故續遺紀云。方等之名有二意。若大經從酪出生酥。譬修多羅出方等。此約第三時。的從部教。即被三乘四教機也。若普賢觀此方等經。是諸佛眼。乃直明圓理。非第三時也（文）普賢方等乃方廣平等之義。諸部大乘談圓理處。並名方等。

Treating the four teachings together is called fāng (broad); addressing the four capacities together is called děng (equal). This takes its name from the Dharma and is established in accordance with the division and the teaching. Therefore, the Xuyiji says, "The name vaipulya has two senses: if [understood according to] the Great [Nirvāṇa] Sūtra, where raw curd is produced from milk, which is a metaphor for the vaipulya emerging from the sūtras, this refers to the third period, strictly following the division and the teaching, namely addressing the capacities of the three vehicles and four teachings. If [understood according to] the Samantabhadra Contemplation, 'This vaipulya sutra is the eye of all Buddhas,' this directly clarifies the perfect principle and does not belong to the third period." (passage) The vaipulya of Samantabhadra has the sense of broadness and equality. Where the various divisions of the Mahāyāna discuss the perfect principle, all are named vaipulya.