大唐西域記 10.35

10.35

所行羅漢伽藍西南行二十餘里，至孤山，山嶺有石窣堵波，陳那（唐言授）菩薩於此作《因明論》。

This country is about 3000 li in circuit; the capital is about 20 li round. It is called P'ing-k'i-lo (Vingila?). The soil is rich and fertile; it is regularly cultivated, and produces abundance of cereals. The temperature is hot, and the manners of the people fierce and impulsive. The language and arrangement of sentences differ from Mid-India, but with reference to the shapes of the letters, they are nearly the same. There are twenty sanghârâmas with about 3000 priests. There are also thirty Deva temples with many heretics. Not far from Vingila(?) is a great sanghârâma with storeyed towers and balconies beautifully carved and ornamented. There is here a figure of Buddha, the sacred features of which have been portrayed with the utmost power of the artist. Before this convent is a stone stûpa which is several hundred feet high; both the one and the other were built by the Arhat 'O-che-lo (Achala). To the south-west of the sanghârâma of the Arhat 'O-che-lo not a great way is a stûpa which was built by Aśôka-râja. Here Tathâgata in old days preached the law, and exhibited his great spiritual powers, and converted numberless persons. Going 20 li or so to the south-west of the sanghârâma built by Achala (So-hing), we reach a solitary mountain on the top of which is a stone stûpa. Here Jina Bodhisattva composed the In-ming-lun (Nyâyadvâra-târaka śâstra or Hêtuvidyâ śâstra?).