大唐西域記 10.37

10.37

馱那羯磔迦國，周六千餘里。國大都城周四十餘里。土地膏腴，稼穡殷盛。荒野多，邑居少。氣序溫暑，人貌釐黑。性猛烈，好學藝。伽藍鱗次，荒蕪已甚，存者二十餘所，僧徒千餘人，並多習學大眾部法。天祠百餘所，異道寔多。

This country is about 6000 li in circuit, and the capital is some 40 li round. The soil is rich and fertile, and is regularly cultivated, affording abundant harvests. There is much desert country, and the towns are thinly populated. The climate is hot. The complexion of the people is a yellowish black, and they are by nature fierce and impulsive. They greatly esteem learning. The convents (sanghârâmas) are numerous, but are mostly deserted and ruined; of those preserved there are about twenty, with 1000 or so priests. They all study the law of the Great Vehicle. There are 100 Deva temples, and the people who frequent them are numerous and of different beliefs. To the east of the capital (the city] bordering on (leaning against] a mountain is a convent called the Purvasilâ (Fo-p'o-shi-lo-seng). To the west of the city leaning against (maintained by] a mountain is a convent called Avarasilâ. These were (or, this was) built by a former king to do honour to (for the sake of] Buddha.