大唐西域記 10.8

10.8

瞻波國，周四千餘里。國大都城北背殑伽河，周四十餘里。土地墊濕，稼穡滋盛。氣序溫暑，風俗淳質。伽藍數十所，多有傾毀，僧徒二百餘人，習小乘教。天祠二十餘所，異道雜居。都城壘甎，其高數丈，基址崇峻，却敵高險。在昔劫初，人物伊始，野居穴處，未知宮室。後有天女，降迹人中，遊殑伽河，濯流自媚，感靈有娠，生四子焉。分贍部洲，各擅區宇，建都築邑，封畺畫界，此則一子之國都，贍部洲諸城之始也。城東百四五十里，殑伽河南，水環孤嶼，崖巘崇峻，上有天祠，神多靈感。鑿崖為室，引流成沼，花林奇樹，巨石危峯，仁智所居，觀者忘返。國南境山林中，野象猛獸群遊千數。自此東行四百餘里，至羯朱嗢祇羅國（彼俗或謂羯蠅揭羅國。中印度境）。

This country (Champa) is about 4000 li in circuit. The capital is backed to the north by the river Ganges, it is about 40 li round. The soil is level and fertile (fat or loamy) ; it is regularly cultivated and productive ; the temperature is mild and warm (moderately hot) ; the manners of the people simple and honest. There are several tens of sanghârâmas, mostly in ruins, with about 200 priests. They follow the teaching of the Little Vehicle. There are some twenty Deva temples, which sectaries of every kind frequent. The walls of the capital are built of brick, and are several " tens of feet " high. The foundations of the wall are raised on a lofty embankment, so that by their high escarpment, they can defy (stop) the attack of enemies. In old times at the beginning of the kalpa, when things (men and things) first began, they (i.e., people) inhabited dens and caves of the desert. There was no knowledge of dwelling-houses. After this, a Devi (divine woman) descending in consequence of her previous conduct, was located amongst them. As she sported in the streams of the Ganges, she was affected by a spiritual power, and conceiving, she brought forth four sons, who divided between them the government of Jambudvîpa. Each took possession of a district, founded a capital, built towns, and marked out the limits of the frontiers. This was the capital of the country of one of them, and the first of all the cities of Jambudvîpa.
To the east of the city 140 or 150 li, on the south of the river Ganges, is a solitary detached rock, craggy and steep, and surrounded by water. On the top of the peak is a Deva temple ; the divine spirits exhibit many miracles (spiritual indications) here. By piercing the rock, houses have been made ; by leading the streams (through each), there is a continual flow of water. There are wonderful trees (forming) flowering woods ; the large rocks and dangerous precipices are the resort of men of wisdom and virtue; those who go there to see the place are reluctant to return.
In the midst of the desert wilds, that form the southern boundary of the country, are wild elephants and savage beasts that roam in herds.
From this country going eastwards 400 li or so, we come to the kingdom of Kie-chu-hoh-khi-lo (Kajughira).