大唐西域記 12.27

12.27

無憂王命世，即其宮中建窣堵波。其王於後遷居宮東北隅，以其故宮，為尊者童受論師建僧伽藍，臺閣高廣，佛像威嚴。尊者，呾叉始羅國人也，幼而穎悟，早離俗塵，遊心典籍，棲神玄旨，日誦三萬二千言，兼書三萬二千字。故能學冠時彥，名高當世，立正法，摧邪見，高論清舉，無難不酬，五印度國咸見推高。其所製論凡數十部，並盛宣行，莫不翫習，即經部本師也。當此之時，東有馬鳴，南有提婆，西有龍猛，北有童受，號為四日照世。故此國王聞尊者盛德，興兵動眾，伐呾叉始羅國，脇而得之，建此伽藍，式昭瞻仰。

When Asoka-raja was in the world he built in this palace a stupa. Afterwards, when the king changed his residence to the north-east angle of the royal precinct, he built in this old palace a sangharama for the sake of Kumaralabdha (T'ong-shiu). The towers of this building are high (and its halls) wide. There is in it a figure of Buddha of majestic appearance. The venerable Kumaralabdha was a native of Takshasila. From his childhood he showed a rare intelligence, and in early life gave up the world. He allowed his mind to wander through the sacred texts, and let his spirit indulge itself in profound reveries. Daily he recited 32,000 words and wrote 32,000 letters. In this way he was able to surpass all his contemporaries, and to establish his renown beyond the age in which he lived. He settled the true law, and overcame false doctrine, and distinguished himself by the brilliancy of his discussion. There was no difficulty which he could not overcome. All the men of the five Indies came to see him, and assigned him the highest rank. He composed many tens of sastras. These were much renowned and studied by all. He was the founder of the Sautrantika (King-pu) school.

At this time in the east was Asvaghosha, in the south Deva, in the west Nagarjuna, in the north Kumaralabdha. These four were called the four sons that illumined the world. The king of this country, therefore, having heard of the honourable one (Kumâralâbdha) and his great qualities, raised an army to attack Takshaśilâ, and carried him off by force. He then built this sanghârâma. Going south-east 300 li or so from the city, we come to a great rocky scarp in which two chambers are excavated, in each of which is an Arhat plunged in complete ecstasy. They are sitting upright, and they could be moved but with difficulty. Their appearance is shrivelled, but their skin and bones still survive. Though 700 years have elapsed, their hair still grows, and because of this the priests cut their hair every year and change their clothes. To the north-east of the great crag after going 200 li or so along the mountain-side and the precipices, we come to a Puñyaśâlâ (a hospice).