大唐西域記 8.50

8.50

菩提樹垣西不遠，有窣堵波，謂欝金香，高四十餘尺，漕炬吒國商主之所建也。昔漕炬吒國有大商主，宗事天神，祠求福利，輕蔑佛法，不信因果。其後將諸商侶，貿遷有無，泛舟南海，遭風失路，波濤飄浪，時經三歲，資糧罄竭，糊口不充。同舟之人，朝不謀夕，勠力同志，念所事天，心慮已勞，冥功不濟。俄見大山，崇崖峻嶺，兩日聯暉，重明照朗。時諸商侶更相慰曰：「我曹有福，過此大山，宜於中止，得安樂。」商主曰：「非山也，乃摩竭魚耳。崇崖峻嶺，鬚鬣也；兩日聯暉，眼光也。」言聲未靜，舟帆飄湊。於是商主告諸侶曰：「我聞觀自在菩薩於諸危厄能施安樂，宜各至誠，稱其名字。」遂即同聲，歸命稱念。崇山既隱，兩日亦沒。俄見沙門，威儀庠序，杖錫凌虛，而來拯溺，不踰時而至本國矣。因即信心貞固，求福不回，建窣堵波，式修供養，以欝金香泥而周塗上下。既發信心，率其同志，躬禮聖迹，觀菩提樹。未暇言歸，已淹晦朔。商侶同遊，更相謂曰：「山川悠間，鄉國遼遠，昔所建立窣堵波者，我曹在此，誰其灑掃？」言訖，旋繞至此，忽見窣堵波，駭其由致，即前瞻察，乃本國所建窣堵波也。故今印度因以欝金為名。

After all their efforts no result followed (their secret desire not accomplished), when unexpectedly they saw a great mountain with steep crags and precipices, and a double sun gleaming from far. Then the merchants, congratulating themselves, said, "We are fortunate indeed in encountering this great mountain; we shall here get some rest and refreshment." The merchant-master said, "It is no mountain; it is the Makara fish; the high crags and scarped precipices are but its fins and mane; the double suns are its eyes as they shine." Scarce had he finished when the sails of the ship began to draw; on which the merchant-master said to his companions, "I have heard say that Kwan-tsz'-tsai Bodhisattva is able to come to the help of those in difficulties and give them rest; we ought then with all faith to call upon that name." So with one accord and voice they paid their adorations and called on the name. The high mountains disappeared, the two suns were swallowed up, and suddenly they saw a Sramana with dignified mien and calm demeanour holding his staff, walking through the sky, and coming towards them to rescue them from shipwreck, and in consequence they were at their own country immediately. Then because their faith was confirmed, and with a view not to lose the merit of their condition, they built a stūpa and prepared their religious offerings, and they covered the stūpa from top to bottom with saffron paste.

To the north-west of the vihāra of Kāśyapa Buddha there are two brick chambers, each containing a figure of an earth-spirit. Formerly, when Buddha was on the point of obtaining enlightenment, Māra came to him, and each one (or one) became witness for Buddha. Men afterwards, on account of his merit, painted or carved this figure of him with all its points of excellence. To the north-west of the wall of the Bōdhi tree is a stūpa called Yuh-kin-hiang (the saffron scent, Kuṅkuma); it is about 40 feet high; it was built by a merchant chief (śrēshṭhī) of the country of Tsao-kiu-ch'u (Tsaukuṭa). In old days there was a merchant-prince of this country who worshipped the heavenly spirits and sacrificed to them with a view to seek religious merit. He despised the religion of Buddha, and did not believe in the doctrine of "deeds and fruits." After a while, he took with him some merchants to engage in commercial transactions (to take goods for having or not having, i.e., for exchange). Embarking in a ship on the southern sea, a tempest arising, they lost their way, whilst the tumultuous waves encircled them. Then after three years, their provisions being gone and their mouths parched with thirst, when there was not enough to last the voyagers from morning till evening, they employed all their energies with one mind in calling on the gods to whom they sacrificed.

After this, conceiving a heart of faith, those who were like-minded resolved to pay their adoration to the sacred traces; beholding the Bōdhi tree, they had no leisure for words about returning; but now, a month having elapsed, as they were walking together, they said in conversation, "Mountains and rivers separate us from our native country, and now as to the stūpa which we built formerly, whilst we have been here, who has watered and swept it?" On finishing these words and coming to the spot (where this stūpa stands), they turned round in token of respect; when suddenly they saw a stūpa rise before them, and on advancing to look at it, they saw it was exactly like the one they had built in their own country. Therefore now in India they call it the Kuṅkuma stūpa. At the south-east angle of the wall of the Bōdhi tree is a stūpa by the side of a Nyagrōdha (ni-keu-liu) tree. Beside it there is a vihāra in which is a sitting figure of Buddha. This is the spot where the great Brahmādēva exhorted Buddha, when he had first acquired enlightenment, to turn the wheel of the excellent law.