大唐西域記 2.9.2

2.9.2

After arriving at the age of seven years and upwards, the young are instructed in the five Vidyas, sastras of great importance. The first is called the elucidation of sounds (Sabdavidya.) This treatise explains and illustrates the agreement (concordance) of words, and it provides an index for derivatives. The second vidya is called Kiau-ming (Silpasthanavidya); it treats of the arts, mechanics, explains the principles of the Yin and Yang and the calendar. The third is called the medicinal treatise (Chikitsavidya); it embraces formulae for protection, secret charms (the use of) medicinal stones, acupuncture, and mugwort. The fourth vidya is called the Hetuvidya (science of causes); its name is derived from the character of the work, which relates to the determination of the true and false, and reduces to their last terms the definition of right and wrong. The fifth vidya is called the science of "the interior" (Adhyatmavidya); it relates to the five vehicles, their causes and consequences, and the subtle influences of these.