釋迦方志 1.50

1.50

珂咄羅國。廣從千餘里。王城周二十餘里。東接葱嶺至拘謎陀國。廣二千餘里從二百餘里。據大葱嶺之中。王城周二十餘里。西南臨縛芻河國。南接尸棄尼國。南度此河至達摩悉帝等國。如前中道所引也。又從鐵門南而少東。五百餘里至（縛喝國。一道拘謎西南至）嚩伽浪國。廣五十餘里從二百餘里。都城十餘里。又南至紇露悉泯健國周千餘里。都城周十五里許。又西北至忽懍國周八百餘里。都城周十五里餘。寺十餘僧五百。又西至縛喝國廣八百餘。從四百餘。北臨縛芻河王城周二十餘里。俗美其國詺為小王舍城。寺有百餘僧二千餘人。並小乘學。城外西南有納縛（此云新也）寺在雪山北。作論諸師贊重此寺基業不替。像鎣名珍毘沙門像衛之。突厥葉護欲襲寺取寶。屯軍寺側夜夢天王長戟貫胸。可汗心痛因爾便死。堂中有佛澡灌受可升餘。雜色炫燿金石難名。又有佛牙長寸餘廣八九分。色黃白而光淨。佛掃帚者用迦奢草。長二尺餘圍可七寸。雜寶飾柄。三物齋日。法俗所感放大光明。有大浮圖高二百餘尺。金剛泥塗以寶莊之。有佛舍利時放神光。又諸羅漢入涅槃者示通立塔。雖有證果不現通者則不封樹。王城西北五十餘里有提謂城王城正北四十餘里有波利城。各有浮圖高三丈許。即釋迦開元獻[麩-夫+少]長者髮爪之所建也。佛以僧伽胝欝多羅僧僧却崎。又覆盋竪錫杖次第安布。立塔儀式令依崇建王城西七十里。迦葉波佛時所建浮圖高二丈餘。又從大城西南入雪山河三十餘里。至銳末陀國廣五六百里。從百餘里。王城周十餘里。又西南行三百里至胡寔建國。廣五百餘從千餘里王城周二十餘里多山川。又西北至呾刺健國。廣同前從五十餘里。王城十餘里西接波剌斯國界。又縛喝國東至忽懍國。於此東南至紇露悉泯健國。千餘里於此北近縛伽浪國。東西五十餘里。此國東北接活國。又從縛喝國南百餘里至揭職國廣五百餘從三百餘。都城周五里許。寺十餘僧三百餘人。並小乘學。陵阜相連東南入大雪山。六百餘里出覩貨羅故地。又至梵衍那國。廣二千餘從三百餘里。在雪山中城依巖險。寺有數十僧數千人。學小乘出世部。王城東北山阿有大石佛。高一百五十尺。金寶莊嚴。又東寺左有鍮石釋迦立像。高百餘尺。分身別鑄合成。立之城東三里。寺有涅槃臥素佛。長千餘尺亦金寶莊之。東南二百餘里度大雪山東。寺有佛齒及劫初獨覺齒。長五寸餘廣減四寸。又有金輪王齒長三寸廣二寸。又有商諾迦縛娑（即商那和修傳法第三師）大阿羅漢鐵鉢。受九升許。并九條僧伽胝絳赤色。設諾草皮之所績成。以其先世於解夏日。持此草施僧福力所被。五百中陰身生恒服之。從胎俱出逐身而長。阿難度時變為法服。受具已後又變為九條。其齒鉢等並金緘之。羅漢證滅入邊際定智願力故。留袈裟待遺法盡。方乃變壞今已少損。信有徵矣。大雪山東至小川澤東入雪山。踰黑嶺至迦畢試國。周四千餘里。北背雪山三垂黑嶺。都城周十餘里。寺有百餘。僧六千餘人。多學大乘。其王信佛歲造丈八銀像自修供之。天祠數十異道千餘人　王城東三里北。山下有大寺佛院。東門南大神王像。右足下有大寶藏。近有外王逐僧欲掘。神冠中鸚鵡鳥像奮羽鳴呼地動。王軍皆仆起謝而歸。寺北嶺上有數石室。亦多藏寶。欲私開者。藥叉變為師子蛇蟲。來震怒之。室西三里大嶺上有觀自在像。誠願者像示妙身。安言行者。城東南三十餘里。曷邏怙羅寺。大臣所造以名目之。浮圖高百餘尺。昔臣夜夢令造浮圖。從王請舍利也。及旦至宮。有人持舍利瓶。臣留舍利令人先入。乃持瓶登塔覆鉢自開。安舍利訖。王使追之石已合矣。齋日放光流出黑油。夜聞音樂。城西北二百餘里。大雪山頂有龍池。山下為龍立寺。塔中有佛骨肉舍利升餘。有時煙起或如火猛焰。漸滅之時方見舍利。狀如白珠繞柱入雲還下塔中　城西北大河南岸。古王寺中有佛弱齡齓齒長一寸餘　又此東南往古王寺。有佛頂骨一片。廣寸餘色黃白。髮孔分明佛髮青色。螺旋右縈。引長尺餘卷可寸許。

The kingdom of Khost (Khotllāna) is more than a thousand li in width and length. The capital is more than twenty li in circuit. To the east it adjoins the Congling Mountains, reaching the kingdom of Kumidha, which is more than two thousand li in width and more than two hundred li in length, situated within the Great Congling Mountains. Its capital is more than twenty li in circuit. To the southwest it overlooks the river Vakṣu. To the south it borders the kingdom of Śikhinī. Crossing this river to the south, one reaches such kingdoms as Dharmasthiti, as was cited above under the Central Route. / Going south and slightly east from the Iron Gate, after more than five hundred li, one reaches the kingdom of Baghlān (one route goes southwest from Kumidha). It is more than fifty li in width and more than two hundred li in length; the capital is more than ten li [in circuit]. / Going further south, one reaches the kingdom of Rūi-Samangān, which is more than a thousand li in circuit; the capital is about fifteen li in circuit. / Going northwest, one reaches the kingdom of Khulm, which is more than eight hundred li in circuit; the capital is more than fifteen li in circuit. There are more than ten monasteries and five hundred monks. / Going west, one reaches the kingdom of Balkh, which is more than eight hundred li in width and more than four hundred li in length. To the north it overlooks the river Vakṣu. The capital is more than twenty li in circuit. The local customs praise this kingdom, calling it the Little Rājagṛha. There are more than a hundred monasteries and more than two thousand monks, all of whom study the Hīnayāna. / Outside the city, to the southwest, is the Nava (which means 'New') Monastery, north of the Snow Mountains. The commentators and treatise masters praised and esteemed this monastery, whose foundation has never fallen into decay. The images are adorned with renowned treasures, and an image of Vaiśravaṇa protects it. When the yabghu of the Turks wished to raid the monastery to take its treasures, he encamped his army beside the monastery. In the night he dreamed that the Heavenly King pierced his chest with a long halberd; the qaghan suffered heart pain and died as a result. In the hall there is the Buddha's water jar, holding about one sheng and more, with diverse dazzling colors, neither gold nor stone, defies naming. There is also a Buddha tooth, more than an inch long and eight to nine tenths of an inch wide, yellowish-white in color, lustrous and pure. The Buddha's broom is made of kāśa grass, more than two feet long and about seven inches around, with its handle adorned with assorted gems. On fast days, these three items, moved by the religious and secular, emit a great bright light. There is a great stūpa more than two hundred feet high, plastered with diamond cement and adorned with gems. It houses Buddha relics that occasionally emit divine light. Furthermore, for the various arhats who entered nirvāṇa, stūpas were erected showing their supernatural powers; although there were those who realized the fruit, if they did not display supernatural powers, no tumulus or tree was raised for them. / More than fifty li northwest of the capital is the city of Tiwei (Trapuṣa), and more than forty li due north of the capital is the city of Boli (Bhallika). Each has a stūpa about thirty feet high, which were erected at the beginning of the era of Śākya[muni] over the hair and nails presented by the elders who offered roasted barley grits. The Buddha successively arranged his saṅghāṭī, uttarāsaṅga, and saṃkakṣikā, turned his bowl upside down, and set his khakkhara staff upright, teaching them the model and ritual for erecting stūpas so that they might build them accordingly. / Seventy li west of the capital is a stūpa built in the time of Kāśyapa Buddha, more than twenty feet high. / Entering the river valley of the Snow Mountains southwest from the great city for more than thirty li, one reaches the kingdom of Ra-māt (Rāma-arhat), which is five to six hundred li in width and more than one hundred li in length; the capital is more than ten li in circuit. / Going further southwest for three hundred li, one reaches the kingdom of Guzgan, which is more than five hundred li in width and more than a thousand li in length; the capital is more than twenty li in circuit, with many mountains and rivers. / Going further northwest, one reaches the kingdom of Talaqan, whose width is the same as the former, and its length is more than fifty li; the capital is more than ten li [in circuit], adjoining the borders of the kingdom of Pārasīka to the west. / From the kingdom of Balkh going east, one reaches the kingdom of Khulm. From here, going southeast, one reaches the kingdom of Rūi-Samangān, and after more than a thousand li, near the north of this, is the kingdom of Baghlān, fifty-odd li from east to west. This kingdom adjoins the kingdom of Kunduz (Huoguo) to the northeast. / Going south from the kingdom of Balkh for more than a hundred li, one reaches the kingdom of Ghaz, which is more than five hundred li in width and more than three hundred li in length; the capital is about five li in circuit. There are more than ten monasteries and more than three hundred monks, all of whom study the Hīnayāna. Hills and mounds connect continuously; going southeast into the Great Snow Mountains for more than six hundred li, one leaves the former territory of Tokhāra / and reaches the kingdom of Bāmiyān. It is more than two thousand li in width and more than three hundred li in length, located amidst the Snow Mountains. The city relies on precipitous cliffs. There are several tens of monasteries and several thousand monks, who study the Lokottaravāda school of the Hīnayāna. In a mountain recess northeast of the capital is a great stone Buddha, one hundred and fifty feet high, adorned with gold and gems. To the east of this, on the left of a monastery, is a standing brass image of Śākya[muni], more than one hundred feet high, cast in separate parts and then assembled into one standing [figure]. / Three li east of the city, in a monastery, there is a recumbent image of the Buddha entering nirvāṇa, more than a thousand feet long, likewise adorned with gold and gems. / Crossing the Great Snow Mountains southeast for more than two hundred li to the east, in a monastery there is a Buddha tooth and the tooth of a pratyekabuddha from the beginning of the kalpa, more than five inches long and less than four inches wide. There is also the tooth of a Gold Wheel-Turning King, three inches long and two inches wide. There is also the iron alms-bowl of the great arhat Śāṇakavāsa (the third lineage master of the transmission of the Dharma), which holds about nine sheng, together with his nine-strip saṅghāṭī robe, reddish-crimson in color, woven from the bark of śaṇa grass. Because in a previous lifetime, on the day of the lifting of the summer retreat, he took this grass and gave it to the Saṅgha, through the power of this merit, during five hundred intermediate existences he was continually born wearing it. It emerged with him from the womb and grew along with his body. When he was ordained by Ānanda, it transformed into a Dharma robe; after he received full ordination, it transformed again into a nine-strip robe. These teeth, the bowl, and the like are all enclosed in gold. By the arhat's realization of cessation, his entry into the boundary concentration (prāntakoṭika-samādhi), and the power of his cognitive vows, he left the kāṣāya robe behind to await the end of the bequeathed Dharma before it would decay and perish; now it is already slightly damaged, which is truly a verified sign. / East of the Great Snow Mountains, reaching small streams and marshes, going east into the Snow Mountains, one crosses the Black Ridge to reach the kingdom of Kapiśa. It is more than four thousand li in circuit. To the north it backs onto the Snow Mountains, and on three sides it borders the Black Ridge. The capital is more than ten li in circuit. There are more than a hundred monasteries and more than six thousand monks, who mostly study the Mahāyāna. Its king has faith in the Buddha, and every year he casts an eighteen-foot silver image and personally conducts offerings to it. There are several tens of deva temples and more than a thousand tīrthikas. / Three li east of the capital, beneath the northern mountain, there is a large monastery with a Buddha courtyard. Beneath the right foot of the image of the great spirit king to the south of the east gate, there is a great treasure hoard. Recently, a foreign king drove out the monks and wished to excavate it. The parrot figure in the spirit's crown fluttered its wings and screeched, and the earth shook; the king's army all fell to the ground, rose up, apologized, and returned. On the ridge north of the monastery there are several stone chambers, which also conceal many treasures. If someone wishes to open them secretly, a yakṣa transforms into a lion, snake, or insect, and comes forth in terrible fury. Three li west of the chambers, atop a great ridge, is an image of Avalokiteśvara; to those of sincere prayer, the image manifests its marvelous body and brings peace and solace to the practitioners. / More than thirty li southeast of the city is the Rāhula Monastery, built by a great minister and named after him. The stūpa is more than a hundred feet high. Formerly, the minister dreamed at night that he was commanded to build a stūpa, and he requested relics from the king. At dawn, when he arrived at the palace, someone holding a relic vase was there. The minister kept the relics and sent the person inside first; he then carried the vase up the stūpa, and the dome opened of itself. When the relics were deposited, the king's messengers gave chase, but the stone had already closed together. On fast days it emits light and secretes black oil; at night, music is heard. / More than two hundred li northwest of the city, atop the Great Snow Mountains, is a dragon pool. Beneath the mountain a monastery was built for the dragon. In the stūpa there is more than a sheng of the Buddha's bone and flesh relics. At times smoke arises, or fierce blazes like fire appear; only when they gradually subside can the relics be seen, resembling white pearls circling the pillar, entering the clouds, and returning down into the stūpa. / On the south bank of the great river northwest of the city, in an ancient royal monastery, there is a milk tooth from the Buddha's youth, more than an inch long. / Going southeast from here to an ancient royal monastery, there is a piece of the Buddha's uṣṇīṣa bone, more than an inch wide, yellowish-white in color, with its hair pores distinct. The Buddha's hair is dark blue, coiled spirally to the right; stretched out, it is more than a foot long, and curled up, it is about an inch.