折疑論 1.93

1.93

First, he went to the Deer Park and turned the Four Truths thrice, and Mahānāma and the other four men attained the Way (The five men: when the Buddha first entered the mountains, there were three men from his father's clan: first, Aśvajit; second, Bhadrika; third, Mahānāma-Kulika. There were two men from his mother's clan: first, Kauṇḍinya; second, Daśabala-Kāśyapa. They attended upon the Buddha, but the Buddha did not employ them. The five men each cultivated brahma-conduct. After the Buddha attained the Way, he first, in the Deer Park, expounded to Kauṇḍinya and the others the turning of the wheel of Dharma of the Four Truths thrice. As for turning [it] thrice: first, turning by demonstrating the characteristics; second, turning by exhorting cultivation; third, turning by bearing witness. First, turning by demonstrating the characteristics: 'This is suffering; this is origination; this is cessation; this is the path.' Second, turning by exhorting cultivation: 'This is suffering, you must comprehend it; this is origination, you must cut it off; this is cessation, you must realize it; this is the path, you must cultivate it.' This is comprehending the worldly cause and effect of suffering, and the world-transcending cause and effect of bliss. Third, turning by bearing witness: 'This is suffering, I have comprehended it; this is origination, I have cut it off; this is cessation, I have realized it; this is the path, I have cultivated it.' Kauṇḍinya and the others raised a doubt: 'Does the Tathāgata still experience the worldly cause and effect of suffering and the world-transcending cause and effect of bliss?' The Tathāgata answered, saying, 'I have comprehended it; I have cut it off; I have cultivated it; I have realized it.' When the five men heard this Dharma expounded, each realized the fruit of the Way).